20 cities
| City | Rank | 2026 Pop. ↓ | 2020 Pop. | Annual Change | Density | Area (mi²) | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hamilton | 1 | 2,436 | 2,290 | 1.75% | 71 | 34 | Township |
| Hamilton | 2 | 1,766 | 1,690 | 0.74% | 1,202 | 1 | City |
| Grant | 3 | 1,406 | 1,390 | -0.21% | 39 | 36 | Township |
| Davis | 4 | 1,095 | 1,078 | -0.18% | 31 | 35 | Township |
| Kidder | 5 | 1,018 | 1,002 | -0.29% | 28 | 36 | Township |
| Braymer | 6 | 760 | 738 | 0.53% | 1,286 | 1 | City |
| Rockford | 7 | 607 | 595 | 0% | 17 | 36 | Township |
| Kingston | 8 | 549 | 552 | -0.54% | 16 | 35 | Township |
| Polo | 9 | 505 | 513 | -0.2% | 820 | 1 | City |
| Breckenridge | 10 | 430 | 435 | -0.69% | 12 | 35 | Township |
| Mirabile | 11 | 358 | 350 | -0.28% | 10 | 36 | Township |
| Gomer | 12 | 332 | 326 | -0.3% | 9 | 36 | Township |
| Kingston | 13 | 293 | 298 | -0.34% | 565 | 1 | City |
| Kidder | 14 | 274 | 268 | 0.37% | 682 | 0 | City |
| New York | 15 | 258 | 252 | 0% | 7 | 36 | Township |
| Breckenridge | 16 | 247 | 253 | -0.4% | 450 | 1 | City |
| Excelsior Estates | 17 | 238 | 219 | 1.28% | 988 | 0 | Village |
| Cowgill | 18 | 173 | 169 | 0.58% | 724 | 0 | City |
| Hamilton | 19 | 122 | 121 | 0% | 3 | 42 | Township |
| Elmira | 20 | 38 | 37 | 0% | 521 | 0 | Village |
Hamilton is the largest city in Caldwell County, with a population of 2,436.
Elmira is the smallest city in Caldwell County, with a population of 38.
There are 20 cities in Caldwell County, Missouri.