Oakland is a city located in Alameda County California. Oakland has a 2024 population of 435,024. It is also the county seat of Alameda County. Oakland is currently declining at a rate of -0.34% annually and its population has decreased by -1.34% since the most recent census, which recorded a population of 440,943 in 2020.
The average household income in Oakland is $139,468 with a poverty rate of 13.21%. The median age in Oakland is 37.5 years: 37.1 years for males, and 37.8 years for females.
Oakland is a large port city in the state of California located on the San Francisco Bay. It is the third-largest city in the San Francisco Bay Area, and the eighth largest city in California.
Oakland is a major transportation and trade hub and the principal city of the East Bay region of the Bay Area, sitting right across from the bay and 6 miles east of San Francisco.
Oakland has worked to reduce its high crime rate, and it continues to rank among the top cities in the United States for sustainability. It has become a major tourist destination as well. Two years ago, Oakland was named the top North American city to visit, and it was ranked 16th on "America's Coolest Cities."
Oakland has the 5th highest cluster of "elite zip codes," which are ranked by the number of households with the highest combination of education and income, with close to 38% of the population over 25 having a bachelors degree or higher. Oakland is also in the top 20 cities in the U.S. for median household income.
Oakland is one of the most ethnically diverse major U.S. cities, ranking 4th in diversity with a diversity score of 91.4. The white population had fallen from 95.3% in 1940 to 32.5% in 1990, and it has become a center for the African American population of Northern California, although it has lost nearly 25% of its black community since 2000, with many leaving for the Southern U.S. or the Bay Area suburbs.
Oakland also has the 3rd highest concentration of gay and lesbian people among the 50 largest cities in the country after San Francisco and Seattle.
In 2011, Oakland lost about 25% of its African American population. This made Oakland one of the only big cities in California to decline in size with the second largest overall population decline in California. Only Santa Ana lost more residents during this time.
The declining population trend did turn around somewhat, however, and the Bay Area went on to become the fastest-growing region in California by 2013. Alameda County was the second-fastest growing county in California from 2012 to 2013, adding 1.2%.
According to the most recent ACS, the racial composition of Oakland was:
Race | Population | Percentage (of total) |
|---|---|---|
| White | 141,569 | 32.33% |
| Black or African American | 95,412 | 21.79% |
| Other race | 79,898 | 18.25% |
| Asian | 69,491 | 15.87% |
| Two or more races | 43,915 | 10.03% |
| Native American | 5,333 | 1.22% |
| Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander | 2,207 | 0.5% |
White
Black or African American
Other race
Asian
Two or more races
Native American
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander
Household Type | Count | Average Size | Owner | Renter |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | 170,282 | 2.53 | 42.1 | 57.9 |
| Non Family | 78,544 | 1.43 | 30.8 | 69.2 |
| Married | 61,405 | 3.39 | 60.2 | 39.8 |
| Female | 21,024 | 3.66 | 33.3 | 66.7 |
| Male | 9,309 | 3.62 | 37.6 | 62.4 |
3.33
Average Family Size
2.53
Average Household Size
42.1%
Rate of Home Ownership
Married
Male
Female
NonFamily
owner
renter
Male
Female
Education Attained | Count | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| 9th to 12th Grade | 19,438 | 6.02% |
| Associates Degree | 18,146 | 5.62% |
| Bachelors Degree | 87,954 | 27.24% |
| Graduate Degree | 68,379 | 21.18% |
| High School Graduate | 52,302 | 16.2% |
| Less Than 9th Grade | 27,003 | 8.36% |
| Some College | 49,696 | 15.39% |
Less Than 9th Grade
9th to 12th Grade
High School Graduate
Some College
Associates Degree
Bachelors Degree
Graduate Degree
High School Graduation Rate
Bachelors Rate
Race | Total | High School | Bachelors |
|---|---|---|---|
| White | 106,260 | 103,361 | 80,340 |
| Hispanic | 71,342 | 47,247 | 17,627 |
| Black | 70,329 | 63,722 | 22,202 |
| Asian | 57,771 | 45,950 | 26,490 |
| Other Race | 48,787 | 29,578 | 8,958 |
| 2+ Races | 24,996 | 22,185 | 13,092 |
| Native American | 3,587 | 2,755 | 999 |
| Islander | 1,618 | 1,328 | 381 |
The highest rate of high school graduation is among white people with a rate of 97.27%.
The highest rate of bachelors degrees is among white people with a rate of 75.61%.
All
Male
Female
Name | Average | Male | Female |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bachelors Degree | $82,046 | $92,854 | $75,304 |
| Graduate Degree | $104,784 | $117,012 | $94,914 |
| High School Graduate | $37,003 | $41,152 | $30,592 |
| Less Than 9th Grade | $29,689 | $33,460 | $23,230 |
| Overall | $60,071 | $63,809 | $57,753 |
| Some College | $45,365 | $51,904 | $38,324 |
$60,071
Average Earnings
$63,809
Average Male
$57,753
Average Female
Only English
Spanish
Other Indo-European Languages
Asian and Pacific Island Languages
Other Languages
61.23% of Oakland residents speak only English, while 38.77% speak other languages. The non-English language spoken by the largest group is Spanish, which is spoken by 21.03% of the population.
rate
Name | Total | In Poverty | Poverty Rate |
|---|---|---|---|
| Black | 94,559 | 18,318 | 19.37% |
| Hispanic | 115,148 | 16,219 | 14.09% |
| Other | 78,978 | 12,925 | 16.37% |
| Asian | 68,757 | 10,123 | 14.72% |
| White | 125,631 | 8,983 | 7.15% |
| Multiple | 43,568 | 4,402 | 10.1% |
| Native | 5,297 | 709 | 13.38% |
| Islander | 2,161 | 388 | 17.95% |
13.21%
Overall Poverty Rate
12.14%
Male Poverty Rate
14.25%
Female Poverty Rate
The race most likely to be in poverty in Oakland is Black, with 19.37% below the poverty level.
The race least likely to be in poverty in Oakland is White, with 7.15% below the poverty level.
The poverty rate among those that worked full-time for the past 12 months was 1.88%. Among those working part-time, it was 14.16%, and for those that did not work, the poverty rate was 27.17%.
rate
Rate | Poverty |
|---|---|
| Less Than 9th Grade | 24.32% |
| High School | 16.92% |
| Some College | 14.64% |
| Bachelors or Greater | 5.01% |
rate
Rate | Poverty |
|---|---|
| Female Unemployed | 35.51% |
| Male Unemployed | 25.51% |
| Female Employed | 5.57% |
| Male Employed | 4.69% |
Households
Families
MarriedFamilies
NonFamilies
Name | Median | Mean |
|---|---|---|
| Families | $109,997 | $160,429 |
| Households | $94,389 | $139,468 |
| Married Families | $149,317 | $196,089 |
| Non Families | $75,143 | $108,834 |
mean
median
Married
Widowed
Divorced
Separated
NeverMarried
39.5%
Overall Marriage Rate
42.2%
Male Marriage Rate
36.9%
Female Marriage Rate
male
female
The age group where males are most likely to be married is Over 65, while the female age group most likely to be married is 45-54.
Married
Widowed
Divorced
Separated
NeverMarried
Second Gulf War
First Gulf War
Vietnam
Korea
World War II
11,520
Number of Veterans
10,261
Male Veterans
1,259
Female Veterans
War | Veterans |
|---|---|
| Vietnam | 3,882 |
| Second Gulf War | 2,246 |
| First Gulf War | 1,951 |
| Korea | 772 |
| World War II | 292 |
count
Age Group | Veterans |
|---|---|
| 75+ | 3,235 |
| 65 to 74 | 2,488 |
| 35 to 54 | 2,434 |
| 55 to 64 | 2,285 |
| 18 to 34 | 1,078 |
count
Name | Veterans | % of Total |
|---|---|---|
| Black | 5,005 | 6.41% |
| White | 4,130 | 3.37% |
| Hispanic | 1,183 | 1.42% |
| Asian | 1,143 | 1.85% |
| 2+ Races | 650 | 2.29% |
| Other Race | 456 | 0.8% |
| Native American | 84 | 2.14% |
| Islander | 52 | 2.77% |
Less Than 9th Grade
High School Graduate
Some College
Bachelors or Greater
11.32%
Veteran Poverty Rate
26.92%
Veteran Disability Rate
LaborForceParticipation
68.4%
Labor Force Participation
64.3%
Employment Rate
5.8%
Unemployment Rate
LaborForceParticipation
LaborForceParticipation
Europe
Asia
Africa
Oceania
Latin America
North America
Non citizens include legal permanent residents (green card holders), international students, temporary workers, humanitarian migrants, and illegal immigrants.
Europe
Asia
Africa
Oceania
Latin America
North America
50.91%
Born in Oakland
73.71%
Native Born
26.29%
Foreign Born
13.25%
Non Citizen
13.03%
Naturalized
73.71% of Oakland residents were born in the United States, with 50.91% having been born in California. 13.25% of residents are not US citizens. Of those not born in the United States, the largest percentage are from Latin America.
Year | Population | Growth | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2029 | 427,625 | -1,480 | -0.34% |
| 2028 | 429,105 | -1,480 | -0.34% |
| 2027 | 430,585 | -1,479 | -0.34% |
| 2026 | 432,064 | -1,480 | -0.34% |
| 2025 | 433,544 | -1,480 | -0.34% |
| 2024 | 435,024 | -1,480 | -0.34% |
| 2023 | 436,504 | 1,936 | 0.45% |
| 2022 | 434,568 | -2,282 | -0.52% |
| 2021 | 436,850 | -4,093 | -0.93% |
| 2020 | 440,943 | 18,205 | 4.31% |
| 2019 | 422,738 | 901 | 0.21% |
| 2018 | 421,837 | -101 | -0.02% |
| 2017 | 421,938 | 484 | 0.11% |
| 2016 | 421,454 | 2,915 | 0.7% |
| 2015 | 418,539 | 5,862 | 1.42% |
| 2014 | 412,677 | 6,068 | 1.49% |
| 2013 | 406,609 | 5,889 | 1.47% |
| 2012 | 400,720 | 5,304 | 1.34% |
| 2011 | 395,416 | 4,066 | 1.04% |
| 2010 | 391,350 | 0 | 0% |
| 2000 | 399,484 | 27,242 | 7.32% |
| 1990 | 372,242 | 32,905 | 9.7% |
| 1980 | 339,337 | -22,224 | -6.15% |
| 1970 | 361,561 | -5,987 | -1.63% |
| 1960 | 367,548 | -17,027 | -4.43% |
| 1950 | 384,575 | 82,412 | 27.27% |
| 1940 | 302,163 | 18,100 | 6.37% |
| 1930 | 284,063 | 67,802 | 31.35% |
| 1920 | 216,261 | 66,087 | 44.01% |
| 1910 | 150,174 | 83,214 | 124.27% |
| 1900 | 66,960 | 18,278 | 37.55% |
| 1890 | 48,682 | 14,127 | 40.88% |
| 1880 | 34,555 | 24,055 | 229.1% |
| 1870 | 10,500 | 8,951 | 577.86% |
| 1860 | 1,549 | -426,076 | -99.64% |