Dayton, Ohio Population 2023

136,598

Dayton is a city located in Montgomery County Ohio. It is also the county seat of Montgomery County. With a 2023 population of 136,598, it is the 6th largest city in Ohio and the 203rd largest city in the United States.Dayton is currently declining at a rate of -0.35% annually and its population has decreased by -1.06% since the most recent census, which recorded a population of 138,060 in 2020. Spanning over 57 miles, Dayton has a population density of 2,466 people per square mile.

The average household income in Dayton is $46,430 with a poverty rate of 32.66%. The median rental costs in recent years comes to - per month, and the median house value is -. The median age in Dayton is 33.5 years, 32.1 years for males, and 34.7 years for females.

Part of Dayton is located in neighboring Greene County. The city is the sixth most populous in the state, and its metro area is the fourth largest in Ohio.

Dayton Population, Age, and Labor Statistics

The top employer of Dayton is Premier Health Partners, which employs over 14,000 people. Other top employers are Montgomery County, Sinclair Community College, Dayton Public Schools and the University of Dayton.

Dayton Population Growth

Through the 1960s, Dayton experienced significant growth, exceeding 116,000 residents in 1910 and then surpassing 200,000 in 1930. The population peaked at the time of the 1960 census, which showed that there were 262,332 residents. However, the population began to drop after, falling to 141,759 at the time of the 2010 census. Recent estimates show that the population has fallen 0.9% since the last census, indicating that the loss in population may be slowing down and efforts to revitalize the city may be successful.

The city of Dayton was founded in 1796 by the Thompson Party. Other groups arrived shortly after that to the area. Just one year later, the “Mad River Country” was open to settlers, and an overland connection was created between the city and Cincinnati. Dayton was incorporated as a city in 1805 and was named in honor of the Revolutionary War captain Jonathan Dayton.

In the 1820s, the Dayton-Cincinnati canal was constructed. This provided means for transporting goods and helped boost the city’s economy throughout the 19th century. It was during this time that many essential items were invented in Dayton, including the first mechanical cash register and the hydraulic jump.

It was the invention of the cash register that led to the formation of the National Cash Register Company in the late 1800s. This began Dayton’s journey into manufacturing, which would only continue to bolster the economy in the years ahead. A manufacturing boom occurred during World War II, and the population grew so rapidly that emergency housing was constructed.

The city continued to grow through the 1970s as veterans came to the area for the industrial and manufacturing opportunities that were available. There was also a suburban boom as the city expanded and over 127,000 homes were constructed in the 1950s.

However, this population boom didn’t last. Beginning in the 1980s, the population began to decline because of the national housing crisis of 2008 and the loss of manufacturing jobs. The city has taken steps to boost its growth, including diversifying the workforce and expanding the downtown area.

Dayton Demographics

According to the most recent ACS, the racial composition of Dayton was:

  • White: 54.15%
  • Black or African American: 38.92%
  • Two or more races: 3.84%
  • Other race: 1.55%
  • Asian: 1.1%
  • Native American: 0.35%
  • Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander: 0.09%
The current population of Dayton, Ohio is 136,598 based on our projections of the latest US Census estimates.The last official US Census in 2020 recorded the population at 138,060.

Dayton, Ohio Population 2023

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Dayton Metro Area Population by Year

Population by Race

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White

Black or African American

Two or more races

Other race

Asian

Native American

Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander

Dayton Population by Race

Dayton Population Pyramid 2023

Dayton Median Age

33.5

Total

32.1

Male

34.7

Female

Dayton Adults

There are 111,082 adults, (18,286 of whom are seniors) in Dayton.

Dayton Age Dependency

51.3

Age Dependency Ratio

19.7

Old Age Dependency Ratio

31.6

Child Dependency Ratio

Dayton Sex Ratio

Female70,98250.54%
Male69,46249.46%

Dayton Population by Age

Dayton Renter vs Owner Occupied by Household Type

2.99

Average Family Size

2.16

Average Household Size

47.1%

Rate of Home Ownership

Married

Male

Female

NonFamily

owner

renter

Dayton Households and Families

Male

Female

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Less Than 9th Grade

9th to 12th Grade

High School Graduate

Some College

Associates Degree

Bachelors Degree

Graduate Degree

Dayton Educational Attainment by Sex (over 25)

Dayton Educational Attainment by Race

High School Graduation Rate

Bachelors Rate

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The highest rate of high school graduation is among black people with a rate of 69.55%.

The highest rate of bachelors degrees is among asian people with a rate of 43.1%.

Dayton Educational Attainment by Race

All

Male

Female

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$30,332

Average Earnings

$33,641

Average Male

$26,898

Average Female

Dayton Earnings by Educational Attainment

Dayton Language by Age

Only English

Spanish

Other Indo-European Languages

Asian and Pacific Island Languages

Other Languages

Dayton Language

93.47% of Dayton residents speak only English, while 6.53% speak other languages. The non-English language spoken by the largest group is Spanish, which is spoken by 2.87% of the population.

Dayton Language

Dayton Poverty by Race

rate

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32.66%

Overall Poverty Rate

29.04%

Male Poverty Rate

30.05%

Female Poverty Rate

Poverty in Dayton

The race most likely to be in poverty in Dayton is Native, with 71.79% below the poverty level.

The race least likely to be in poverty in Dayton is White, with 22.23% below the poverty level.

The poverty rate among those that worked full-time for the past 12 months was 5.77%. Among those working part-time, it was 35.71%, and for those that did not work, the poverty rate was 37.93%.

Dayton Poverty

rate

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Dayton Poverty Rate by Education

rate

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Dayton Poverty Rate by Employment Status and Sex

Dayton Income by Household Type

Households

Families

MarriedFamilies

NonFamilies

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mean

median

Income by Household Type

Dayton Marital Status

Married

Widowed

Divorced

Separated

NeverMarried

Marriage Rates

27.2%

Overall Marriage Rate

27.9%

Male Marriage Rate

26.5%

Female Marriage Rate

Dayton Married by Age and Sex

male

female

Dayton Marriage

The age group where males are most likely to be married is Over 65, while the female age group most likely to be married is 45-54.

Dayton Marital Status by Race

Married

Widowed

Divorced

Separated

NeverMarried

Dayton Marital Status

Second Gulf War

First Gulf War

Vietnam

Korea

World War II

9,021

Number of Veterans

7,827

Male Veterans

1,194

Female Veterans

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Dayton Veterans by War

count

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Dayton Veterans by Age

count

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Dayton Veterans by Race

Dayton Veterans by Education

Less Than 9th Grade

High School Graduate

Some College

Bachelors or Greater

10.18%

Veteran Poverty Rate

28.66%

Veteran Disability Rate

Dayton Veterans by Education

LaborForceParticipation

58.7%

Labor Force Participation

52.4%

Employment Rate

10.3%

Unemployment Rate

Dayton Employment by Age

LaborForceParticipation

Dayton Employment by Race

LaborForceParticipation

Dayton Employment by Education

Origin of Non-Citizens

Europe

Asia

Africa

Oceania

Latin America

North America

Non citizens include legal permanent residents (green card holders), international students, temporary workers, humanitarian migrants, and illegal immigrants.

Origin of Naturalized Citizens

Europe

Asia

Africa

Oceania

Latin America

North America

72.57%

Born in Dayton

96.78%

Native Born

4.95%

Foreign Born

2.89%

Non Citizen

2.06%

Naturalized

Place of Birth

96.78% of Dayton residents were born in the United States, with 72.57% having been born in Ohio. 2.89% of residents are not US citizens. Of those not born in the United States, the largest percentage are from Asia.

Dayton Place of Birth

Note: data after 2021 is projected based on recent change
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Dayton Population by Year