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World Population by Country 2024 (Live)

8,005,176,000

234 Rows

Flag
Country
2024 Population
2023 Population
Area (km²)
Land Area (km²)
Density (/km²)
Change
World %
Rank
UN Member
India FlagIndia1,450,940,0001,438,070,0003.3M3M4880.89%18.13%1
China FlagChina1,419,320,0001,422,580,0009.7M9.4M151-0.23%17.73%2
United States FlagUnited States345,427,000343,477,0009.4M9.1M380.57%4.32%3
Indonesia FlagIndonesia283,488,000281,190,0001.9M1.9M1510.82%3.54%4
Pakistan FlagPakistan251,269,000247,504,000881.9K770.9K3261.52%3.14%5
Nigeria FlagNigeria232,679,000227,883,000923.8K910.8K2552.1%2.91%6
Brazil FlagBrazil211,999,000211,141,0008.5M8.4M250.41%2.65%7
Bangladesh FlagBangladesh173,562,000171,467,000147.6K130.2K1,3331.22%2.17%8
Russia FlagRussia144,820,000145,440,00017.1M16.4M9-0.43%1.81%9
Ethiopia FlagEthiopia132,060,000128,692,0001.1M1.1M1172.62%1.65%10
Mexico FlagMexico130,861,000129,740,0002M1.9M670.86%1.63%11
Japan FlagJapan123,753,000124,371,000377.9K364.5K340-0.5%1.55%12
Egypt FlagEgypt116,538,000114,536,0001M1M1171.75%1.46%13
Philippines FlagPhilippines115,844,000114,891,000342.4K298.2K3890.83%1.45%14
DR Congo FlagDR Congo109,276,000105,790,0002.3M2.3M483.3%1.37%15
Vietnam FlagVietnam100,988,000100,352,000331.2K313.4K3220.63%1.26%16
Iran FlagIran91,567,70090,608,7001.6M1.6M561.06%1.14%17
Turkey FlagTurkey87,473,80087,270,500783.6K783.6K1120.23%1.09%18
Germany FlagGermany84,552,20084,548,200357.1K349.4K2420%1.06%19
Thailand FlagThailand71,668,00071,702,400513.1K510.9K140-0.05%0.9%20
United Kingdom FlagUnited Kingdom69,138,20068,683,000242.9K241.9K2860.66%0.86%21
Tanzania FlagTanzania68,560,20066,617,600945.1K885.8K772.92%0.86%22
France FlagFrance66,548,50066,438,800551.7K547.6K1220.17%0.83%23
South Africa FlagSouth Africa64,007,20063,212,4001.2M1.2M531.26%0.8%24
Italy FlagItaly59,342,90059,499,500301.3K295.7K201-0.26%0.74%25
Kenya FlagKenya56,432,90055,339,000580.4K569.1K991.98%0.7%26
Myanmar FlagMyanmar54,500,10054,133,800676.6K652.7K840.68%0.68%27
Colombia FlagColombia52,886,40052,321,2001.1M1.1M481.08%0.66%28
South Korea FlagSouth Korea51,717,60051,748,700100.2K97.6K530-0.06%0.65%29
Sudan FlagSudan50,449,00050,042,8001.9M1.9M270.81%0.63%30
Uganda FlagUganda50,015,10048,656,600241.6K200.5K2492.79%0.62%31
Spain FlagSpain47,910,50047,911,600506K499.6K960%0.6%32
Algeria FlagAlgeria46,814,30046,164,2002.4M2.4M201.41%0.58%33
Iraq FlagIraq46,042,00045,074,000438.3K434.1K1062.15%0.58%34
Argentina FlagArgentina45,696,20045,538,4002.8M2.7M170.35%0.57%35
Afghanistan FlagAfghanistan42,647,50041,454,800652.2K652.2K652.88%0.53%36
Yemen FlagYemen40,583,20039,390,800528K528K773.03%0.51%37
Canada FlagCanada39,742,40039,299,10010M9M41.13%0.5%38
Poland FlagPoland38,539,20038,762,800312.7K306.1K126-0.58%0.48%39
Morocco FlagMorocco38,081,20037,712,500446.6K446.3K850.98%0.48%40
Angola FlagAngola37,885,80036,749,9001.2M1.2M303.09%0.47%41
Ukraine FlagUkraine37,860,20037,732,800603.5K579.4K650.34%0.47%42
Uzbekistan FlagUzbekistan36,361,90035,652,300447.4K440.6K831.99%0.45%43
Malaysia FlagMalaysia35,557,70035,126,300330.8K328.6K1081.23%0.44%44
Mozambique FlagMozambique34,631,80033,635,200801.6K786.4K442.96%0.43%45
Ghana FlagGhana34,427,40033,787,900238.5K227.5K1511.89%0.43%46
Peru FlagPeru34,217,80033,845,6001.3M1.3M271.1%0.43%47
Saudi Arabia FlagSaudi Arabia33,962,80033,264,3002.1M2.1M162.1%0.42%48
Madagascar FlagMadagascar31,965,00031,195,900587K581.8K552.47%0.4%49
Ivory Coast FlagIvory Coast31,934,20031,165,700322.5K318K1002.47%0.4%50
Nepal FlagNepal29,651,10029,694,600147.2K143.3K207-0.15%0.37%51
Cameroon FlagCameroon29,123,70028,372,700475.4K472.7K622.65%0.36%52
Venezuela FlagVenezuela28,405,50028,300,900916.4K882K320.37%0.35%53
Niger FlagNiger27,032,40026,159,9001.3M1.3M213.34%0.34%54
Australia FlagAustralia26,713,20026,451,1007.7M7.7M30.99%0.33%55
North Korea FlagNorth Korea26,498,80026,418,200120.5K120.4K2200.31%0.33%56
Syria FlagSyria24,672,80023,594,600185.2K183.6K1344.57%0.31%57
Mali FlagMali24,478,60023,769,1001.2M1.2M202.98%0.31%58
Burkina Faso FlagBurkina Faso23,548,80023,025,800273K273.6K862.27%0.29%59
Taiwan FlagTaiwan23,214,00023,317,10036.2K36.2K641-0.44%0.29%60
Sri Lanka FlagSri Lanka23,103,60022,971,60065.6K61.9K3730.57%0.29%61
Malawi FlagMalawi21,655,30021,104,500118.5K94.3K2302.61%0.27%62
Zambia FlagZambia21,315,00020,724,000752.6K743.4K292.85%0.27%63
Kazakhstan FlagKazakhstan20,592,60020,330,1002.7M2.7M81.29%0.26%64
Chad FlagChad20,299,10019,319,1001.3M1.3M165.07%0.25%65
Chile FlagChile19,764,80019,658,800756.1K743.5K270.54%0.25%66
Romania FlagRomania19,015,10019,118,500238.4K230.1K83-0.54%0.24%67
Somalia FlagSomalia19,009,20018,358,600637.7K627.3K303.54%0.24%68
Senegal FlagSenegal18,502,00018,077,600196.7K192.5K962.35%0.23%69
Guatemala FlagGuatemala18,406,40018,124,800108.9K107.2K1721.55%0.23%70
Netherlands FlagNetherlands18,228,70018,092,50041.9K33.7K5410.75%0.23%71
Ecuador FlagEcuador18,135,50017,980,100276.8K248.4K730.86%0.23%72
Cambodia FlagCambodia17,638,80017,423,900181K176.5K1001.23%0.22%73
Zimbabwe FlagZimbabwe16,634,40016,340,800390.8K386.9K431.8%0.21%74
Guinea FlagGuinea14,754,80014,405,500245.9K245.7K602.42%0.18%75
Benin FlagBenin14,462,70014,111,000112.6K112.8K1282.49%0.18%76
Rwanda FlagRwanda14,256,60013,954,50026.3K24.7K5782.16%0.18%77
Burundi FlagBurundi14,047,80013,689,40027.8K25.7K5472.62%0.18%78
Bolivia FlagBolivia12,413,30012,244,2001.1M1.1M111.38%0.16%79
Tunisia FlagTunisia12,277,10012,200,400163.6K155.4K790.63%0.15%80
South Sudan FlagSouth Sudan11,943,40011,483,400619.7K631.9K194.01%0.15%81
Haiti FlagHaiti11,772,60011,637,40027.8K27.6K4271.16%0.15%82
Belgium FlagBelgium11,738,80011,712,90030.5K30.3K3880.22%0.15%83
Jordan FlagJordan11,552,90011,439,20089.3K88.8K1300.99%0.14%84
Dominican Republic FlagDominican Republic11,427,60011,331,30048.7K48.3K2370.85%0.14%85
United Arab Emirates FlagUnited Arab Emirates11,027,10010,642,10083.6K71K1553.62%0.14%86
Cuba FlagCuba10,979,80011,019,900109.9K103.8K106-0.36%0.14%87
Honduras FlagHonduras10,825,70010,644,900112.5K111.9K971.7%0.14%88
Czech Republic FlagCzech Republic10,735,90010,809,70078.9K77.2K139-0.68%0.13%89
Sweden FlagSweden10,607,00010,551,500450.3K407.3K260.53%0.13%90
Tajikistan FlagTajikistan10,590,90010,389,800143.1K138.8K761.94%0.13%91
Papua New Guinea FlagPapua New Guinea10,576,50010,389,600462.8K452.9K231.8%0.13%92
Portugal FlagPortugal10,425,30010,430,70092.1K91.6K114-0.05%0.13%93
Azerbaijan FlagAzerbaijan10,336,60010,318,20086.6K82.6K1250.18%0.13%94
Greece FlagGreece10,047,80010,242,900132K128.9K78-1.9%0.13%95
Hungary FlagHungary9,676,1409,686,46093K91.3K106-0.11%0.12%96
Togo FlagTogo9,515,2409,304,34056.8K54.4K1752.27%0.12%97
Israel FlagIsrael9,387,0209,256,31020.8K21.6K4341.41%0.12%98
Austria FlagAustria9,120,8109,130,43083.9K82.5K111-0.11%0.11%99
Belarus FlagBelarus9,056,7009,115,680207.6K203K45-0.65%0.11%100
Switzerland FlagSwitzerland8,921,9808,870,56041.3K39.5K2260.58%0.11%101
Sierra Leone FlagSierra Leone8,642,0208,460,51071.7K72.2K1202.15%0.11%102
Laos FlagLaos7,769,8207,664,990236.8K230.8K341.37%0.1%103
Turkmenistan FlagTurkmenistan7,494,5007,364,440488.1K469.9K161.77%0.09%104
Hong Kong FlagHong Kong7,414,9107,442,7301.1K1.1K7,062-0.37%0.09%105
Libya FlagLibya7,381,0207,305,6601.8M1.8M41.03%0.09%106
Kyrgyzstan FlagKyrgyzstan7,186,0107,073,520200K191.8K371.59%0.09%107
Paraguay FlagParaguay6,929,1506,844,150406.8K397.3K171.24%0.09%108
Nicaragua FlagNicaragua6,916,1406,823,610130.4K120.3K571.36%0.09%109
Bulgaria FlagBulgaria6,757,6906,795,800110.9K108.6K62-0.56%0.08%110
Serbia FlagSerbia6,736,2206,773,20088.4K87.5K77-0.55%0.08%111
El Salvador FlagEl Salvador6,338,1906,309,62021K20.7K3060.45%0.08%112
Republic of the Congo FlagRepublic of the Congo6,332,9606,182,880342K341.5K192.43%0.08%113
Denmark FlagDenmark5,977,4105,948,14043.1K40K1490.49%0.07%114
Singapore FlagSingapore5,832,3905,789,0907107188,1230.75%0.07%115
Lebanon FlagLebanon5,805,9605,773,49010.5K10.2K5680.56%0.07%116
Finland FlagFinland5,617,3105,601,180338.4K303.9K180.29%0.07%117
Liberia FlagLiberia5,612,8205,493,030111.4K96.3K582.18%0.07%118
Norway FlagNorway5,576,6605,519,170323.8K364.3K151.04%0.07%119
Slovakia FlagSlovakia5,506,7605,518,06049K49K112-0.2%0.07%120
Palestine FlagPalestine5,495,4405,409,2006.2K6K9131.59%0.07%121
Central African Republic FlagCentral African Republic5,330,6905,152,420623K623K93.46%0.07%122
Oman FlagOman5,281,5405,049,270309.5K309.5K174.6%0.07%123
Ireland FlagIreland5,255,0205,196,63070.3K68.9K761.12%0.07%124
New Zealand FlagNew Zealand5,213,9405,172,840270.5K263.3K200.79%0.07%125
Mauritania FlagMauritania5,169,4005,022,4401M1M52.93%0.06%126
Costa Rica FlagCosta Rica5,129,9105,105,52051.1K51.1K1000.48%0.06%127
Kuwait FlagKuwait4,934,5104,838,78017.8K17.8K2771.98%0.06%128
Panama FlagPanama4,515,5804,458,76075.4K74.2K611.27%0.06%129
Croatia FlagCroatia3,875,3203,896,02056.6K56K69-0.53%0.05%130
Georgia FlagGeorgia3,807,6703,807,49069.7K69.5K550%0.05%131
Eritrea FlagEritrea3,535,6003,470,390117.6K121K291.88%0.04%132
Mongolia FlagMongolia3,475,5403,431,9301.6M1.6M21.27%0.04%133
Uruguay FlagUruguay3,386,5903,388,080181K175K19-0.04%0.04%134
Puerto Rico FlagPuerto Rico3,242,2003,242,0208.9K8.9K3660.01%0.04%135
Bosnia and Herzegovina FlagBosnia and Herzegovina3,164,2503,185,07051.2K51.2K62-0.65%0.04%136
Qatar FlagQatar3,048,4202,979,08011.6K11.5K2652.33%0.04%137
Moldova FlagMoldova3,034,9603,067,07033.8K32.9K92-1.05%0.04%138
Namibia FlagNamibia3,030,1302,963,100825.6K823.3K42.26%0.04%139
Armenia FlagArmenia2,973,8402,943,39029.7K28.5K1041.03%0.04%140
Lithuania FlagLithuania2,859,1102,854,10065.3K62.6K460.18%0.04%141
Jamaica FlagJamaica2,839,1802,839,79011K10.8K262-0.02%0.04%142
Albania FlagAlbania2,791,7602,811,66028.7K27.4K102-0.71%0.03%143
Gambia FlagGambia2,759,9902,697,84010.7K10.1K2732.3%0.03%144
Gabon FlagGabon2,538,9502,484,790267.7K257.7K102.18%0.03%145
Botswana FlagBotswana2,521,1402,480,240582K566.7K41.65%0.03%146
Lesotho FlagLesotho2,337,4202,311,47030.4K30.4K771.12%0.03%147
Guinea-Bissau FlagGuinea Bissau2,201,3502,153,34036.1K28.1K782.23%0.03%148
Slovenia FlagSlovenia2,118,7002,118,40020.3K20.1K1050.01%0.03%149
Equatorial Guinea FlagEquatorial Guinea1,892,5201,847,55028.1K28.1K672.43%0.02%150
Latvia FlagLatvia1,871,8701,882,40064.6K62.2K30-0.56%0.02%151
North Macedonia FlagNorth Macedonia1,823,0101,831,80025.7K25.2K72-0.48%0.02%152
Bahrain FlagBahrain1,607,0501,569,6707657852,0472.38%0.02%153
Trinidad and Tobago FlagTrinidad and Tobago1,507,7801,502,9305.1K5.1K2940.32%0.02%154
Timor-Leste FlagTimor Leste1,400,6401,384,29014.9K14.9K941.18%0.02%155
Estonia FlagEstonia1,360,5501,367,20045.2K42.8K32-0.49%0.02%156
Cyprus FlagCyprus1,358,2801,344,9809.3K9.2K1470.99%0.02%157
Mauritius FlagMauritius1,271,1701,273,5902K2K626-0.19%0.02%158
Eswatini FlagEswatini1,242,8201,230,51017.4K17.2K721%0.02%159
Djibouti FlagDjibouti1,168,7201,152,94023.2K23.2K501.37%0.01%160
Fiji FlagFiji928,784924,14518.3K18.3K510.5%0.01%161
Reunion FlagReunion878,591874,8832.5K2.5K3500.42%0.01%162
Comoros FlagComoros866,628850,3871.9K1.9K4661.91%0.01%163
Guyana FlagGuyana831,087826,353215K196.8K40.57%0.01%164
Solomon Islands FlagSolomon Islands819,198800,00528.9K28K292.4%0.01%165
Bhutan FlagBhutan791,524786,38538.4K38.1K210.65%0.01%166
Macau FlagMacau720,262713,912333321,8920.89%0.01%167
Luxembourg FlagLuxembourg673,036665,0982.6K2.6K2611.19%0.01%168
Montenegro FlagMontenegro638,479633,55213.8K13.4K470.78%0.01%169
Suriname FlagSuriname634,431628,886163.8K156K40.88%0.01%170
Western Sahara FlagWestern Sahara590,506579,729266K266K21.86%0.01%171
Malta FlagMalta539,607532,9563163201,6861.25%0.01%172
Maldives FlagMaldives527,799525,9943003001,7590.34%0.01%173
Cape Verde FlagCape Verde524,877522,3314K4K1300.49%0.01%174
Brunei FlagBrunei462,721458,9495.8K5.3K880.82%0.01%175
Belize FlagBelize417,072411,10623K22.8K181.45%0.01%176
Bahamas FlagBahamas401,283399,44013.9K10K400.46%0.01%177
Iceland FlagIceland393,396387,558103K100.8K41.51%0%178
Guadeloupe FlagGuadeloupe375,106376,5171.6K1.6K230-0.37%0%179
Martinique FlagMartinique343,195346,0021.1K1.1K304-0.81%0%180
Vanuatu FlagVanuatu327,777320,40912.2K12.2K272.3%0%181
Mayotte FlagMayotte326,505316,0153743748733.32%0%182
French Guiana FlagFrench Guiana308,522303,40283.5K83.5K41.69%0%183
New Caledonia FlagNew Caledonia292,639289,87018.6K18.3K160.96%0%184
Barbados FlagBarbados282,467282,3364304306570.05%0%185
French Polynesia FlagFrench Polynesia281,807281,1184.2K3.5K810.25%0%186
Sao Tome and Principe FlagSao Tome and Principe235,536230,8719649602452.02%0%187
Samoa FlagSamoa218,019216,6632.8K2.8K780.63%0%188
Curacao FlagCuracao185,482185,4274444444180.03%0%189
Saint Lucia FlagSaint Lucia179,744179,2856166102950.26%0%190
Guam FlagGuam167,777166,5065495403110.76%0%191
Kiribati FlagKiribati134,518132,5308118101661.5%0%192
Seychelles FlagSeychelles130,418127,9514524602841.93%0%193
Grenada FlagGrenada117,207117,0813443403450.11%0%194
Micronesia FlagMicronesia113,160112,6307027001620.47%0%195
Aruba FlagAruba108,066107,9391801806000.12%0%196
Tonga FlagTonga104,175104,597747720145-0.4%0%197
Jersey FlagJersey103,846103,6741161208650.17%0%198
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines FlagSaint Vincent and the Grenadines100,616101,323389390258-0.7%0%199
Antigua and Barbuda FlagAntigua and Barbuda93,77293,3164424402130.49%0%200
United States Virgin Islands FlagUnited States Virgin Islands84,90585,701347347245-0.93%0%201
Isle of Man FlagIsle of Man84,16084,165572570148-0.01%0%202
Andorra FlagAndorra81,93880,8564684701741.34%0%203
Cayman Islands FlagCayman Islands74,45773,0382642403101.94%0%204
Dominica FlagDominica66,20566,51075175088-0.46%0%205
Bermuda FlagBermuda64,63664,69854541,197-0.1%0%206
Guernsey FlagGuernsey64,28064,01778631,0200.41%0%207
Greenland FlagGreenland55,84055,9222.2M410.4K0.14-0.15%0%208
Faroe Islands FlagFaroe Islands55,40054,7141.4K1.4K411.25%0%209
Saint Kitts and Nevis FlagSaint Kitts and Nevis46,84346,7582612601800.18%0%210
American Samoa FlagAmerican Samoa46,76547,521199200234-1.59%0%211
Turks and Caicos Islands FlagTurks and Caicos Islands46,53546,198948948490.73%0%212
Northern Mariana Islands FlagNorthern Mariana Islands44,27845,14346446096-1.92%0%213
Sint Maarten FlagSint Maarten43,35042,74934341,2751.41%0%214
Liechtenstein FlagLiechtenstein39,87039,5981601602490.69%0%215
British Virgin Islands FlagBritish Virgin Islands39,47138,9851511502631.25%0%216
Gibraltar FlagGibraltar39,32938,471775,7842.23%0%217
Monaco FlagMonaco38,63138,9562219,316-0.83%0%218
Marshall Islands FlagMarshall Islands37,54838,827181180209-3.29%0%219
San Marino FlagSan Marino33,58133,7336160560-0.45%0%220
Saint Martin FlagSaint Martin26,12927,5155350523-5.04%0%221
Palau FlagPalau17,69517,72745946038-0.18%0%222
Anguilla FlagAnguilla14,59814,41091911601.3%0%223
Cook Islands FlagCook Islands13,72914,22224024057-3.47%0%224
Nauru FlagNauru11,94711,87521205970.61%0%225
Wallis and Futuna FlagWallis and Futuna11,27711,37027427441-0.82%0%226
Saint Barthelemy FlagSaint Barthelemy11,25811,08521254501.56%0%227
Tuvalu FlagTuvalu9,6469,8162630322-1.73%0%228
Saint Pierre and Miquelon FlagSaint Pierre and Miquelon5,6285,68124224223-0.93%229
Montserrat FlagMontserrat4,3894,42010210243-0.7%230
Falkland Islands FlagFalkland Islands3,4703,47712.2K12.2K0.29-0.2%231
Tokelau FlagTokelau2,5062,39712102514.55%232
Niue FlagNiue1,8191,81726126170.11%233
Vatican City FlagVatican City496496< 1< 11,1270%234

The US Census Bureau's world population clock estimated that the global population as of September 2022 was 7,922,312,800 people and was expected to reach 8 billion by mid-November of 2022. This total far exceeds the 2015 world population of 7.2 billion. The world's population continues to increase by roughly 140 people per minute, with births outweighing deaths in most countries.

Overall, however, the rate of population growth has been slowing for several decades. This slowdown is expected to continue until the rate of population growth reaches zero (an equal number of births and deaths) around 2080-2100, at a population of approximately 10.4 billion people. After this time, the population growth rate is expected to turn negative, resulting in global population decline.

Countries with more than 1 billion people

China is currently the most populous country in the world, with a population estimated at more than 1.42 billion as of September 2022. Only one other country in the world boasts a population of more than 1 billion people: India, whose population is estimated to be 1.41 billion people—and rising.

While India's population is projected to continue to grow until at least the year 2050, China's population is currently contracting slightly. This contraction, coupled with India's continued growth, is expected to result in India replacing China as the most populous country in the world by the year 2030.

Countries with more than 100 million people

Another 12 countries each have populations that exceeded 100 million people as of September 2022:

Country Population Country Population
United States 338,653,036 Russia 144,704,502
Indonesia 275,908,026 Mexico 127,724,673
Pakistan 236,882,454 Japan 123,801,638
Nigeria 219,741,895 Ethiopia 124,095,535
Brazil 215,538,160 Philippines 115,969,226
Bangladesh 171,594,827 Egypt 111,384,124

While Russia and Japan will see their populations decline significantly by 2050, the rest of these nations are expected to continue growing until at least 2050. Additionally, two additional countries, DR Congo and Vietnam, have more than 99 million people and should soon reach the 100 million mark.

Countries with fewer than 100 million people

As shown in the live-updating population table below, the overwhelming majority of the world's countries have fewer than 100 million people—substantially fewer, in some cases. The smallest country in the world in terms of both population and total area is Vatican City, where barely 500 people reside.

Population range # of countries
1 billion or more 2
100 million to 999.9 million 12
10 million to 99.9 million 80
1 million to 9.9 million 66
less than 1 million 74

Rates of population growth around the world

The world's population continues to increase, with approximately 140 million babies born every year. According to the United Nations' 2022 World Population Prospects report, the global population is projected to reach 8.5 billion people by the year 2030, 9.7 billion people by 2050, and 10.4 billion people by 2080, where it will remain until 2100.

While the world's total population is expected to continue to rise until roughly 2100, the rate at which the population is rising has been slowly decreasing for decades. In 2020, the global population growth rate fell below one percent for the first time since 1950. This decrease continues a trend begun in the 1970s, in which the population growth rate shows a consistent decrease when measured in five-year increments.

The rate of population growth varies greatly from one country or region to another. More than half of the world's expected population growth between now and 2050 is expected to come from just eight countries: DR Congo, Egypt, Ethiopia, India, Nigeria, Pakistan, the Philippines, and Tanzania. Particularly of interest is India, which is on track to overtake China's position as the most populous country by the year 2030. Additionally, multiple nations within Africa are expected to double their populations in the coming decades as fertility rates and birth rates rise thanks in part to advancements in medical care and decreased infant mortality and malnutrition.

Life expectancy and its impact on world population

Global life expectancy has also improved in recent years, rising to 72.8 years in 2019—almost 9 years longer than in 1990. Global life expectancy is projected to continue to increase, reaching 77.2 years by the year 2050. Significant factors impacting the data on life expectancy include expectations regarding mankind's ability to reduce the impact of AIDS/HIV and other infectious and non-communicable diseases.

As a result of the increase in global life expectancy, the majority of the world's countries are undergoing considerable growth in the number of residents over the age of 65. The percentage of over-65 residents in the world's population is projected to rise from 10% in 2022 to 16% in 2050. This total will be roughly twice the number of children under age 5 and equal to the number of children under age 12. This imbalance can put considerable strain on a country's economy and infrastructure, as it can lead to a shortage of working-age individuals entering the workforce to take the place of those who are retiring.

Life expectancy has a significant impact on the ability of the population to maintain what is called a replacement rate, in which the country's death rate is balanced or exceeded by its birth rate. In countries whose birth rates are either deliberately low or unintentionally so, the death rate may be higher, resulting in overall population decline. Although population decline can be desirable in certain circumstances, it can also create economic challenges and is more often viewed as undesired.

Challenges inherent in population estimates

Although population projections such as the US Census Bureau's World Population Clock utilize the most accurate and up-to-date data available, they are nonetheless still estimates. Unforeseen events such as the COVID-19 pandemic or Russia's 2022 invasion of Ukraine can have a powerful, but impossible-to-anticipate impact on population trends.

Even in the absence of such disruptions, the process of tracking the exact number of births and deaths in every country and territory in the world in real time—and maintaining a precise tally of the number of people alive on the Earth at any given moment—is logistically infeasible. Instead, modern population scientists use sophisticated mathematical models to create detailed estimates and projections, which the world's countries can use to plan for future generations.

World Population History

84 Rows

Year
Population
Change
20248,161,970,0000.87%
20238,091,740,0000.86%
20207,887,000,0001.09%
20157,470,490,0001.25%
20107,021,730,0001.29%
20056,586,970,0001.31%
20006,171,700,0001.39%
19955,758,880,0001.57%
19905,327,800,0001.82%
19854,868,940,0001.83%
19804,447,610,0001.79%
19754,070,740,0001.96%
19703,694,680,0002.07%
19653,334,530,0002.03%
19603,015,470,0001.93%
19552,740,210,0001.91%
19502,493,090,0000%
19452,382,970,0000.8%
19402,289,910,0001.02%
19352,177,030,0001.02%
19302,069,610,0000.91%
19251,977,850,0000.85%
19201,895,480,0000.72%
19151,828,590,0000.69%
19101,766,780,0000.83%
19051,695,020,0000.82%
19001,627,120,0000.69%
18951,572,320,0000.66%
18901,521,150,0000.74%
18851,466,280,0000.71%
18801,415,240,0000.57%
18751,375,810,0000.51%
18701,341,250,0000.35%
18651,318,290,0000.29%
18601,299,660,0000.17%
18551,288,560,0000.16%
18501,278,460,0000.42%
18451,251,710,0000.45%
18401,224,060,0000.47%
18351,195,600,0000.49%
18301,166,680,0000.65%
18251,129,400,0000.65%
18201,093,240,0000.7%
18151,055,560,0000.63%
18101,022,940,0000.4%
18051,002,670,0000.35%
1800985,084,0000.45%
1790942,262,0000.45%
1780900,945,0000.85%
1770827,951,0000.49%
1760788,255,0000.45%
1750753,279,0000.7%
1740702,228,0000.46%
1730670,900,0000.35%
1720648,185,0000.48%
1710617,976,0000.37%
1700595,457,0000.14%
1600516,148,0000.03%
1500503,051,0000.13%
1400442,309,000-0.03%
1300456,248,0000.03%
1200444,654,0000.11%
1100397,890,0000.21%
1000323,463,0000.04%
900311,143,0000.08%
800285,870,0000.03%
700278,346,0000.02%
600271,639,0000.07%
500253,396,0000.05%
400241,697,0000.06%
300227,703,000-0.06%
200240,762,0000.02%
100237,052,0000.02%
0232,269,0000.07%
-1000110,530,0000.04%
-200072,685,1000.05%
-300044,577,9000.04%
-400028,859,2000.04%
-500019,155,7000.04%
-600013,278,3000.03%
-70009,651,7000.03%
-80007,314,6200.03%
-90005,687,1200.02%
-100004,501,1500.06%

World Population Projections

Year
Population
Change
20258,231,610,0000.85%
20308,569,120,0000.81%
20358,885,210,0000.73%
20409,177,190,0000.65%
20459,439,640,0000.57%
20509,664,380,0000.47%
20559,846,240,0000.37%
20609,989,230,0000.29%
206510,101,800,0000.22%
207010,189,200,0000.17%
207510,250,500,0000.12%
208010,283,100,0000.06%
208510,288,500,0000.01%
209010,271,600,000-0.03%
209510,235,400,000-0.07%
210010,180,200,000-0.11%

World Population in 2050

How will the world's population change over the next eighty years? According to the United Nations' World Population Prospects 2022 report, the global population in 2050 is expected to reach around 9.7 billion people, nearly 2 billion more than the current population today. Current projections anticipate that this growth will continue until it reaches 10.4 million people sometime in the 2080s, at which time the population will hold steady until roughly 2100, then begin to decline.

In terms of population growth in individual countries, India is projected to surpass China as the most populated country in the world sometime during 2023, at which time China's annual growth rate will be between -0.1% and -0.3%, while India's growth rate will be between 0.69% and 0.92%. Given current trends in growth rates, UN projections predict that China's population will slide to 1.2 billion people by 2060, while India's will expand to almost 1.7 billion.

The United States is currently the third most populated country in the world, but is expected to drop to fourth most populated sometime in the early 2040s. Instead, the African country of Nigeria, whose 2022 growth rate is 2.39% (compared to 0.47% in the US) will become the third most populated country in the world. While UN predictions vary from those of the US Census Bureau, Nigeria takes the lead in both projections. Nigeria’s population is expected to reach 377-410 million by 2050, while the US will have approximately 375-390 million people.

Vatican City / Holy See is expected to continue as the country with the smallest population in the world for the next several decades. In 2022, the famous Catholic city-state had a population of 510 people as well as a negative population growth rate. However, if global warming and the concurrent sea level rise continue unabated, certain Pacific Island nations such as Kiribati, the Maldives, and Vanuatu may be flooded under the rising oceans, which would force their populations to migrate and reduce their populations to zero.

Population growth from now to the year 2100

The Earth's population is expected to continue growing for the next 60-80 years. Improvements in health care technology, shared by developed countries with still developing and least-developed countries, have increased life expectancy and reduced infant mortality rates—which, in turn, have helped drive a boom in population growth. In fact, ten countries are expected to gain more in population by 2050 than the rest of the world combined.

Top 10 Countries Whose Populations Will Grow the Most by 2050:

Country Population 2022 Population 2050 Growth
India 1,417,170,000 1,670,490,000 253,320,000
Nigeria 218,540,000 377,460,000 158,920,000
Pakistan 235,820,000 367,810,000 131,980,000
DR Congo 99,010,000 217,490,000 118,480,000
Ethiopia 123,380,000 214,810,000 91,430,000
Tanzania 65,500,000 129,930,000 64,430,000
Egypt 110,990,000 160,340,000 49,350,000
Philippines 115,560,000 157,890,000 42,330,000
Indonesia 275,500,000 317,230,000 41,720,000
Niger 26,210,000 67,040,000 40,840,000

The rise, peak, and decline of population growth

Although the world's population is currently increasing, trends indicate that the rate of growth in many countries, especially developed countries and those with high populations, is slowing down. By the end of this century, even the world's fastest-growing countries are expected to have reached peak population size and begun to display declining (or negative) growth rates.

Many factors contribute to population decline and related metrics such as fertility rates. These include increased access to birth control and family planning, an increase in overall quality of life and the human development index, and various other cultural, political, social, and economic factors These include some factors that may not initially seem related to birth rate, such as the population's general level of education and the government's per-capita health expenditure.

Whether population growth is good or bad depends heavily upon several factors, most notably the rate of growth, the country in which it is taking place, and that country's level of development. Countries that have mature economies and well-developed infrastructure are more likely to be able to absorb an increase in population. Conversely, developing countries are more likely to lack adequate jobs, health care, or other infrastructure to support a larger population.

Similarly, a gentle increase in population is typically considered healthy, but a high rate of growth can be undesirable. High growth can often overwhelm a country's infrastructure, strain systems ranging from the job market to the food supply, and constrain available resources. When this happens, technological advances may offer opportunities to overcome production shortages and/or environmental damage.

World Population By Race

As of late 2022, the world's population was approximately 8 billion people. However, breaking down the global population by race is difficult—primarily because of the evolving meaning of the word "race."

Why the classic concept of race is fundamentally flawed

The modern understanding is that race is an outdated social construct based on certain biological features that society has deemed to be significant. For example, most racial groupings are determined by physical differences such as skin tone or hair color. However, these variations are largely dictated by geography rather than genetics. Put simply, race is an illusion.

To clarify, it is true that isolated populations tend to display certain defining characteristics, such as the dark skin color of Africans or the blonde hair of many Northern Europeans. But these traits are all interchangeable and compatible and do not in any way introduce genetic boundaries between one supposed race and another.

This fact is clearly evidenced in the modern global population. Thanks in large part to advances in transportation and international mobility over the past century, more and more people of various "races" have spread around the world, intermarried, and started families—and their children display a breathtaking array of mixed-race appearances, obfuscating any supposed boundaries between one race and another.

These emerging demographics have made it increasingly obvious to the world's geneticists, anthropologists, and sociologists that clear-cut races do not exist. The mapping of the entire human genome in recent years has solidified and confirmed this view.

Race, ethnicity, and the challenge of tracking global diversity

It is important not to confuse race with ethnicity, which stems from one's society and culture and which does in fact exist. The main difference between race and ethnicity is that race is based on genetic traits and physical appearance, while ethnicity is based upon customs, language, and practices that are learned and passed down from generation to generation.

While the difference between race and ethnicity may be widely understood and accepted in many countries, not every country views the topics through the same lens. Different countries divide race and ethnicity into different possible elements (such as the number of possible ethnicities), and each country has its own system for measuring, classifying, and tracking diversity, whether it be via variations in race, ethnicity, or both.

For instance, the United States still uses the term "race", but treats it as a social identity rather than a biological or anthropological classification. Citizens voluntarily self-identify as White, Black or African American, American Indian, Asian, or Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander. Meanwhile, other countries may offer a different range of possible races, or may instead measure ethnicity or country of origin, such as English, German, East Indian, etc.

These incongruent approaches make it difficult to compare data between countries, and confound even the most ambitious attempts to create a universal set of constituent categories capable of containing the entirety of human diversity.

World Population (1950 - 2100)

Country
2024 Pop.
2020 Pop.
2011 Pop.
Area (km²)
Density (/km²)
Change
England58,197,30756,550,13853,012,456130.3K4470.72%
Scotland5,543,5755,466,0005,295,40378.8K710.35%
Wales3,217,9283,169,5863,063,45620.8K1550.38%
Northern Ireland1,932,7521,895,5101,814,31814.1K1370.49%
Kosovo1,806,3221,798,1881,780,02110.9K1660.11%

Other Limited Data Countries

World Population History (5000 B.C. - 2020 A.D.)

51 Rows

Year
Population
Change
-100004,000,000
-80005,320,0000.01%
-500022,500,0000.05%
-400046,750,0000.07%
-300014,000,000-0.12%
-200027,000,0000.07%
-160070,000,0000.24%
-100050,000,000-0.06%
-500100,000,0000%
-400157,500,0000.46%
-200202,000,0000.12%
1235,000,0000.07%
14256,000,0000.66%
200234,330,000-0.05%
350254,000,0000.05%
400200,660,000-0.47%
500198,500,000-0.01%
600212,750,0000.07%
700207,660,000-0.02%
800232,250,0000.11%
900229,300,000-0.01%
1000278,600,0000.19%
1100306,600,0000.1%
1200386,000,0000.23%
1250417,000,0000.15%
1300407,600,000-0.05%
1340410,000,0000.01%
1400366,300,000-0.19%
1500458,800,0000.22%
1600550,000,0000.18%
1650535,300,000-0.05%
1700652,500,0000.4%
1750751,000,0000.28%
1800920,800,0000.41%
18501,218,000,0000.56%
18751,325,000,0000.34%
19001,647,000,0000.87%
19201,813,000,0000.48%
19301,987,000,0000.92%
19402,213,000,0001.08%
19502,536,000,0001.37%
19603,033,000,0001.81%
19703,701,000,0002.01%
19804,458,000,0001.88%
19905,331,000,0001.8%
20006,145,000,0001.43%
20106,958,000,0001.25%
20197,715,000,0001.15%
20207,841,000,0001.63%
20217,909,000,0000.87%
20227,975,000,0000.83%

World Population History (5000 B.C. - 2020 A.D.)

Throughout most of history, the world's population has been much smaller than it is now. Before the invention of agriculture, for example, the human population was estimated to be around 15 million people at most. For comparison, the world population in 2017 (~7 billion) was roughly equal to a full 6% of the estimated 110 billion people who have ever lived.

The introduction of agriculture and the gradual movement of humanity into settled communities enabled the global population to increase gradually to around 300 million by AD 0. While this is a substantial increase, it remains a tiny fraction of the current population. For example, the Roman Empire, which historians regard as one of the strongest empires the world has ever known, probably contained around 50 million people at its height—nearly 20 million less than the population of the UK today.

The world population would not reach its first major milestone—one billion people—until the early 19th century. Then, as the industrial revolution took hold and living standards improved, the rate of population growth increased considerably. Over the next hundred years, the population of the world doubled, reaching two billion in the late 1920s.

During the 20th century, however, population growth skyrocketed. Over the past 100 years, the planet's population has more than tripled in size. This massive increase in human population is largely due to improvements in diet, sanitation, and medicine, especially compulsory vaccination against many diseases, which have both improved life expectancy and decreased infant mortality rates all over the world.

A Timeline of World Population Growth Milestones (People):

  • Year 0001: 200 million
  • Year 1000: 275 million
  • Year 1500: 450 million
  • Year 1650: 500 million
  • Year 1750: 700 million
  • Year 1804: 1.0 billion
  • Year 1850: 1.2 billion
  • Year 1900: 1.6 billion
  • Year 1927: 2.0 billion
  • Year 1950: 2.55 billion
  • Year 1955: 2.8 billion
  • Year 1960: 3.0 billion
  • Year 1970: 3.7 billion
  • Year 1985: 4.85 billion
  • Year 1999: 6.0 billion
  • Year 2011: 7.0 billion
  • Year 2023: 8.0 billion (projected)

Population growth in the future

While past population trends are fairly well known (only the specific dates of certain milestones are occasionally disputed), future trends are less clear. Most population experts agree that population increases will continue, albeit at an ever-decreasing rate, until the Earth's population reaches its ceiling, pauses, and begins to contract. However, the particulars of that process, such as the rate of increase, when and at what number the population will plateau, and the rate of decrease that will follow, are still the subject of much debate.

Most population experts tag steadily improving global standards of living as the cause of decreasing rates of population increase. As wealth and quality of life increase, the average family size will shrink and population growth will steadily slow and eventually stop.

However, other experts maintain that poverty, inequality and continued urbanization will have the opposite effect and cause a growth increase, particularly in countries in sub-Saharan Africa and parts of Asia, where population growth is already much higher than the global average.

Still others predict a population decrease stemming from much bleaker causes. These experts speculate that the current world population is unsustainable in the long term and that humanity will reach a point at which we simply cannot produce enough food or utilize our natural resources efficiently enough to feed such a large population or sustain the global economy at its current scale.

World Population History Chart

2022 projections by the United Nations estimate that the global population could swell to 8.5 billion by 2030, 9.7 billion by 2050, and 10.4 billion by 2080. At that point, the population is expected to plateau before beginning to decline around the year 2100. Current population growth is driven in large part by advances in medicine, which are increasing life expectancy; and improved health care in developing and least-developed countries, which is decreasing infant mortality.

The rate of population growth is not equal in every country. According to the United Nations' 2022 World Population Prospects report, many of the world's 46 least-developed countries are expected to double in population from 2022 to 2050, placing them among the world's fastest-growing countries. Conversely, 61 of the world's countries are expected to decrease in population by at least 1% between 2022 and 2050. The largest contractions are expected to occur in Eastern Europe, while the largest growth will come from the countries of sub-Saharan Africa.

Although the population of the world currently grows daily, the overall rate of that growth has been slowing for decades. The rate of population growth peaked in 1970 at 2.06% growth per year, but had dropped to 1.78% by 1980. Rates remained relatively flat throughout the '80s, with a minimal rise to 1.80% by 1990. From there, however, the rate of population growth began to drop precipitously, falling to 1.37% in 2000, 1.27% in 2010, and 0.87% in 2020—the first time since 1950 that the growth rate had fallen below 1%. The United Nations predicts the global population growth rate will continue to decrease over the next several decades, until it dips into negative population growth around the year 2100.

World Population Growth Chart

  1. World Population Prospects (2024 Revision) - United Nations population estimates and projections.
  2. Historical Estimates of World Population

Sources