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Mongolia

Population

3,568,776

Estimated as of Oct 22, 2026View source
Population rank
133rd
Share of world
0.04%
Annual change
+39,6981.27%

Population of Mongolia

2M4M6M8M10M95% prediction interval20263.6M2050 projection4.5M↑ 26% from 202619601980200020202040206020802100

Source: United Nations — World Population Prospects (2024 Revision)

Current population estimate: 3,568,776. 2050 projection: 4,501,493.Use the arrow keys on the chart to inspect individual years.

Historical population estimates for Mongolia. Annual change is shown as a percentage.
20263,556,7981.27%133
20253,517,1001.34%133
20203,290,7851.82%135
20193,232,1132.03%136
20183,167,7062.04%136
20173,104,3642.09%137
20152,976,5261.96%137
20102,701,7321.06%141
20052,563,4610.87%139
20002,455,1821.00%138

Showing 10 of 19 years.

Population by City

Ulaanbaatar is home to 1,682,636 people, 47.31% of Mongolia's population.

City population1M700K300K
Ulaanbaatar 1.7MErdenet 112.5KBayankhongor 93.3KDarkhan 93.0KChoibalsan 52.1KMoron 51.7KOlgii 47.5KNalaikh 40.1KArvaikheer 39.3KKhovd 38.7K
Largest cities by 2026 population and share of the national population.
1Ulaanbaatar1.7M47.31%
2Erdenet112.5K3.16%
3Bayankhongor93.3K2.62%
4Darkhan93.0K2.62%
5Choibalsan52.1K1.46%
6Moron51.7K1.45%
7Olgii47.5K1.34%
8Nalaikh40.1K1.13%
9Arvaikheer39.3K1.10%
10Khovd38.7K1.09%

Mongolia by the Numbers

Estimated as of Oct 22, 2026

Population
Mongolia is home to an estimated 3,568,776 people, the 133rd largest population in the world.
Daily change
Mongolia has a net population change of approximately 106 people per day, driven by 164 births, 58 deaths, and net immigration of 0 people.
Share of world
Mongolia makes up 0.04% of the world's population and 0.07% of Asia's.
Density
2.3 people per km² of land (5.9 per mi²), ranking 233rd among countries and territories.
Urban living
71.15% of people live in urban areas.

Mongolia Demographics

Age & longevity

MaleFemale100+ years, male: 8100+ years, female: 3695–99 years, male: 11295–99 years, female: 38490–94 years, male: 66090–94 years, female: 1,85485–89 years, male: 2,44585–89 years, female: 5,03280–84 years, male: 5,69780–84 years, female: 10,66975–79 years, male: 9,90775–79 years, female: 17,90470–74 years, male: 20,23570–74 years, female: 32,16065–69 years, male: 40,18065–69 years, female: 56,89660–64 years, male: 58,88160–64 years, female: 74,57555–59 years, male: 73,61755–59 years, female: 85,94850–54 years, male: 91,82550–54 years, female: 97,87245–49 years, male: 107,22845–49 years, female: 108,33640–44 years, male: 126,10540–44 years, female: 124,44735–39 years, male: 146,02435–39 years, female: 141,36530–34 years, male: 125,32130–34 years, female: 119,17725–29 years, male: 115,01825–29 years, female: 109,00020–24 years, male: 118,79920–24 years, female: 110,71915–19 years, male: 165,34715–19 years, female: 154,90210–14 years, male: 208,93010–14 years, female: 195,2965–9 years, male: 192,4605–9 years, female: 182,9290–4 years, male: 162,5410–4 years, female: 155,974100+95–9990–9485–8980–8475–7970–7465–6960–6455–5950–5445–4940–4435–3930–3425–2920–2415–1910–145–90–4100K100K

Hover or tap an age group to see exact counts. Use the up and down arrow keys to inspect age groups.

Median age

28 yrs

World: 31

Life expectancy

72.5 yrs

World: 73.8

Male

49.80%

Female

50.20%

Life expectancy 68Life expectancy 77.1

Ethnicity

83.8%

Khalkh

  • Khalkh83.8%
  • Kazak3.8%
  • Durvud2.6%
  • Other2.1%
  • Bayad2%
  • Buriad1.4%
  • Zakhchin1.2%
  • Dariganga1.1%
  • Uriankhai1%

Reported categories total 99%.

Data notes

Source estimate: 2020 est.

Religion

51.7%

Buddhist, the largest religion

  • Buddhist51.7%
  • None40.6%
  • Muslim3.2%
  • Shamanist2.5%
  • Christian1.3%
  • Other0.7%
Data notes

Source estimate: 2020 est.

Related Pages

Sources

  1. World Population Prospects (2024 Revision) - United Nations population estimates and projections.
  2. World Population Prospects (2024 Revision) - Mongolia United Nations Graphs/Profiles
  3. World Bank / UN World Urbanization Prospects - 2025: Urban population (% of total population), using national definitions.
  4. National Statistics Office of Mongolia
  5. National Statistics Office of Mongolia – 1212 Portal.