Mongolia
- Capital:
- Ulaanbaatar
- Continent:
- Asia
- Region(s):
- Eastern Asia
- Largest Cities:
- Ulaanbaatar, Erdenet, Bayankhongor
- Abbreviation:
- MNG
3,556,798
As of Jan 1, 2026 - Source
3,556,798
As of Jan 1, 2026 - Source
Mongolia's population is projected to be 5,498,609 by 2097.
Historical
Switch the toggle to see projected data.
| Year ↓ | Population | Change | Pop. Rank |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 3,556,798 | 1.27% | 133 |
| 2025 | 3,517,100 | 1.34% | 133 |
| 2020 | 3,290,785 | 1.81% | 135 |
| 2019 | 3,232,113 | 2.03% | 136 |
| 2018 | 3,167,706 | 2.04% | 136 |
| 2017 | 3,104,364 | 2.09% | 137 |
| 2015 | 2,976,526 | 1.96% | 137 |
| 2010 | 2,701,732 | 1.06% | 141 |
| 2005 | 2,563,461 | 0.87% | 139 |
| 2000 | 2,455,182 | 1% | 138 |
| Year ↑ | Population | Change | Pop. Rank |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 3,556,798 | 1.27% | 133 |
| 2032 | 3,776,885 | 0.99% | 132 |
| 2037 | 3,969,718 | 1% | 131 |
| 2042 | 4,181,468 | 1.04% | 131 |
| 2047 | 4,389,974 | 0.98% | 131 |
| 2052 | 4,568,908 | 0.8% | 132 |
| 2057 | 4,715,619 | 0.63% | 132 |
| 2062 | 4,841,662 | 0.53% | 131 |
| 2067 | 4,962,510 | 0.49% | 131 |
| 2072 | 5,079,251 | 0.47% | 129 |
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Ulaanbaatar has a metropolitan area population of 1,682,636, comprising 47.31%% of Mongolia's total population.
| Rank | City | 2026 Pop. ↓ | % of National Pop. |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ulaanbaatar | 1,682,636 | 47.31% |
| 2 | Erdenet | 112,520 | 3.16% |
| 3 | Bayankhongor | 93,276 | 2.62% |
| 4 | Darkhan | 93,028 | 2.62% |
| 5 | Choibalsan | 52,102 | 1.46% |
| 6 | Moron | 51,749 | 1.45% |
| 7 | Olgii | 47,523 | 1.34% |
| 8 | Nalaikh | 40,146 | 1.13% |
| 9 | Arvaikheer | 39,257 | 1.1% |
| 10 | Khovd | 38,738 | 1.09% |
As of 2026, Mongolia has a total population of 3,556,798, ranking as the 133rd most populous nation in the world.
Mongolia represents 0.04% of the total global population and 0.07% of Asia's population.
Mongolia has a population density of 2.3 people per km² (approximately 5.9 per mi²), making it the 229th most densely populated country in the world.
Currently, 73.77% of the population resides in urban areas, a figure that is increasing annually.
*Rates last updated: June 16, 2026
As of 2026, the largest ethnicity in Mongolia is Khalkh (83.8%) , followed by Kazak (3.8%) .
As of 2026, Buddhist is the largest religion in Mongolia, comprising 51.7% of the population.