Tucson, Arizona Population 2023

546,019

Tucson is a city located in Pima County Arizona. It is also the county seat of Pima County. With a 2023 population of 546,019, it is the 2nd largest city in Arizona and the 34th largest city in the United States.Tucson is currently growing at a rate of 0.26% annually and its population has increased by 0.77% since the most recent census, which recorded a population of 541,859 in 2020. Spanning over 238 miles, Tucson has a population density of 2,294 people per square mile.

The average household income in Tucson is $58,057 with a poverty rate of 23.94%. The median rental costs in recent years comes to - per month, and the median house value is -. The median age in Tucson is 34 years, 32.6 years for males, and 35.5 years for females.

Tucson has a robust temporary population, which grows and recedes seasonally. Much of the city's economy is centered on the University of Arizona, which is the city's second largest employer, as well as tourism, with over 3.5 million people visiting the city each year. Along with vacationers, there are a large number of winter residents (snowbirds) who come for the mild winters — many own second homes in the area.

Tucson Population Growth

Tucson has always had a seasonal population as migratory retirees have spent their winters in the city. During the recession, Tucson went from being one of the hottest real estate markets to one of the most troubled, and the city is now one of the poorest big cities in the United States with a per capita income of just over $20,000. Water shortage has also become an issue as the city's population grows. Despite the problems, the region is expected to see its population double in the next 30 years to around 2 million people.

Paleo-Indians first inhabited Tucson, and recent archaeological work has found a village dating to 2100 BC. The area was first used for farming with extensive irrigation canals. In 1692, Jesuit missionary Eusebio Francisco Kino visited the area and founded a mission eight years later upstream of present-day Tucson. A second settlement was established downstream. Hugo O'Connor, the founding father of Tucson, authorized the construction of a military fort called Presidio San Agustin del Tucson in 1775.

The town was eventually known as Tucson and became a part of Mexico after Mexico gained independence. It was then captured by the Mormon Battalion during the Mexican-American War and was later returned to Mexico. The city was not included in the Mexican Cession, but it became a part of the United States in 1853, with formal control taken in 1856.

Tucson was briefly the western capital of the Confederate Arizona Territory, although the Confederate forces were driven out of the state in 1862. The city and all of present-day Arizona was part of New Mexico Territory until 1863 when it became a part of Arizona. The city was incorporated in 1877 as the first incorporated city in Arizona.

Tucson Demographics

According to the most recent ACS, the racial composition of Tucson was:

  • White: 69.34%
  • Other race: 10.34%
  • Two or more races: 8.68%
  • Black or African American: 4.92%
  • Native American: 3.29%
  • Asian: 3.18%
  • Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander: 0.25%
The current population of Tucson, Arizona is 546,019 based on our projections of the latest US Census estimates.The last official US Census in 2020 recorded the population at 541,859.

Tucson, Arizona Population 2023

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Tucson Metro Area Population by Year

Population by Race

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White

Other race

Two or more races

Black or African American

Native American

Asian

Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander

Tucson Population by Race

Tucson Population Pyramid 2023

Tucson Median Age

34

Total

32.6

Male

35.5

Female

Tucson Adults

There are 432,982 adults, (80,828 of whom are seniors) in Tucson.

Tucson Age Dependency

54.9

Age Dependency Ratio

23

Old Age Dependency Ratio

31.9

Child Dependency Ratio

Tucson Sex Ratio

Female275,22350.47%
Male270,11749.53%

Tucson Population by Age

Tucson Renter vs Owner Occupied by Household Type

3.17

Average Family Size

2.4

Average Household Size

51.7%

Rate of Home Ownership

Married

Male

Female

NonFamily

owner

renter

Tucson Households and Families

Male

Female

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Less Than 9th Grade

9th to 12th Grade

High School Graduate

Some College

Associates Degree

Bachelors Degree

Graduate Degree

Tucson Educational Attainment by Sex (over 25)

Tucson Educational Attainment by Race

High School Graduation Rate

Bachelors Rate

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The highest rate of high school graduation is among white people with a rate of 77.67%.

The highest rate of bachelors degrees is among asian people with a rate of 34.06%.

Tucson Educational Attainment by Race

All

Male

Female

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$32,062

Average Earnings

$34,559

Average Male

$29,704

Average Female

Tucson Earnings by Educational Attainment

Tucson Language by Age

Only English

Spanish

Other Indo-European Languages

Asian and Pacific Island Languages

Other Languages

Tucson Language

67.39% of Tucson residents speak only English, while 32.61% speak other languages. The non-English language spoken by the largest group is Spanish, which is spoken by 27.09% of the population.

Tucson Language

Tucson Poverty by Race

rate

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23.94%

Overall Poverty Rate

19.47%

Male Poverty Rate

22.03%

Female Poverty Rate

Poverty in Tucson

The race most likely to be in poverty in Tucson is Islander, with 62.14% below the poverty level.

The race least likely to be in poverty in Tucson is White, with 17.17% below the poverty level.

The poverty rate among those that worked full-time for the past 12 months was 4.4%. Among those working part-time, it was 27.17%, and for those that did not work, the poverty rate was 29.97%.

Tucson Poverty

rate

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Tucson Poverty Rate by Education

rate

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Tucson Poverty Rate by Employment Status and Sex

Tucson Income by Household Type

Households

Families

MarriedFamilies

NonFamilies

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mean

median

Income by Household Type

Tucson Marital Status

Married

Widowed

Divorced

Separated

NeverMarried

Marriage Rates

35.7%

Overall Marriage Rate

36.4%

Male Marriage Rate

35.0%

Female Marriage Rate

Tucson Married by Age and Sex

male

female

Tucson Marriage

The age group where males are most likely to be married is Over 65, while the female age group most likely to be married is 35-44.

Tucson Marital Status by Race

Married

Widowed

Divorced

Separated

NeverMarried

Tucson Marital Status

Second Gulf War

First Gulf War

Vietnam

Korea

World War II

37,812

Number of Veterans

33,334

Male Veterans

4,478

Female Veterans

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Tucson Veterans by War

count

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Tucson Veterans by Age

count

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Tucson Veterans by Race

Tucson Veterans by Education

Less Than 9th Grade

High School Graduate

Some College

Bachelors or Greater

8.88%

Veteran Poverty Rate

30.9%

Veteran Disability Rate

Tucson Veterans by Education

LaborForceParticipation

61.8%

Labor Force Participation

56.2%

Employment Rate

7.5%

Unemployment Rate

Tucson Employment by Age

LaborForceParticipation

Tucson Employment by Race

LaborForceParticipation

Tucson Employment by Education

Origin of Non-Citizens

Europe

Asia

Africa

Oceania

Latin America

North America

Non citizens include legal permanent residents (green card holders), international students, temporary workers, humanitarian migrants, and illegal immigrants.

Origin of Naturalized Citizens

Europe

Asia

Africa

Oceania

Latin America

North America

45.22%

Born in Tucson

85.92%

Native Born

14.72%

Foreign Born

8.13%

Non Citizen

6.59%

Naturalized

Place of Birth

85.92% of Tucson residents were born in the United States, with 45.22% having been born in Arizona. 8.13% of residents are not US citizens. Of those not born in the United States, the largest percentage are from Latin America.

Tucson Place of Birth

Note: data after 2021 is projected based on recent change
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Tucson Population by Year