Kagoshima's 2025 population is now estimated at 578,881. In 1950, the population of Kagoshima was 177,000. Kagoshima experienced a decrease of -2,330 residents over the past year, marking an annual decline of -0.4%.These population estimates and projections come from the latest revision of the UN World Urbanization Prospects. These estimates represent the Urban agglomeration of Kagoshima, which typically includes Kagoshima's population in addition to adjacent suburban areas.