Austin is a city located in Travis County and Williamson County Texas. It is also the county seat of Travis County. With a 2020 population of 1,011,790, it is the 4th largest city in Texas (after Houston, , and ) and the 10th largest city in the United States . Austin is currently growing at a rate of 1.65% annually and its population has increased by 28.01% since the most recent census, which recorded a population of 790,390 in 2010. Spanning over 327 miles, Austin has a population density of 3,162 people per square mile.
The average household income in Austin is $102,876 with a poverty rate of 13.23%. The median rental costs in recent years comes to $1,280 per month, and the median house value is $337,400. The median age in Austin is 33.3 years, 33 years for males, and 33.7 years for females.
While Austin has a sizable Hispanic population, the city has struggled to attract more African Americans, the only ethnic group in Austin that is shrinking. Two critical factors are causing a decline in the African-American community: moving away from the city center and higher mortality rates.
Austin Population Growth
Austin is currently the fastest growing city in the United States and, from 2011 to 2016; it's expected to have an economic growth rate of over 6%, with a population growth rate approaching 3%. This means it's following a trend common across many major cities in Texas. Eight of the 15 fastest growing cities are in Texas, including San Antonio, Houston, and Dallas.
Young, recent college graduates and retiring baby boomers are now making up the majority of new Austinites, all being drawn in for the city's shopping, museums, and entertainment, along with affordable housing. Over the past few years, however, construction has not kept up with the population growth, creating a shortage of housing and jumps in home sales and prices.
Demographers believe Austin will continue its excellent growth in the short term, but the pace will eventually slow. Austin is already buckling under its population, with roadways packed and the third worst traffic congestion in any urban area in the US.
A forecast of population growth shows that Austin's metropolitan area's population may hit 3.2 million by 2030.
Austin was settled in the 1830s by pioneers, although the area has been inhabited since at least 9200 BC, or more than 11,000 years. For many years, Spanish colonists traveled through the area, but very few permanent settlements were created until 1730 when three missions from East Texas were reestablished at the site.
Texas won independence from Mexico in 1836 and became its own independent country. A year later, Republic of Texas Vice President Mirabeau Lamar visited the area while hunting buffalo and proposed moving the republic's capital (then in Houston) to the area. The city was incorporated in 1839 as Waterloo, but was quickly renamed Austin in honor of Stephen Austin, the "Father of Texas."
By the 1880s, Austin gained prominence with its state capital building, then the 7th most significant building in the world. The city slowly grew, launching several beautification projects in the 1920s and 1930s, further boosting its appeal and population.
Through half of the 20th century, Austin had a three-way social segregation system with Anglos, Mexicans and African Americans separated by law in most areas of life. This was eventually abolished, and Austin's Hispanic population proliferated. In 1970, its population was 15% Hispanic, 12% black and 73% non-Hispanic white; by 2010, the city was 35% Hispanic, 48% white and only 8% black.
