Poland Population 2023 (Live)

40,645,301

Since about 1999, Poland’s population has slowly been declining. Poland’s population peaked at 38.57 million people and has since then decreased to about 37.85 million people. Poland’s population is expected to decline at a much faster rate in the coming decades, shrinking to 23.17 million people at the end of the century. This means that Poland will lose almost 40% of its population by the end of the century.

Poland’s population is shrinking at a rate of 0.11%. The fertility rate in Poland is 1.439 births per woman, too low to replace the population. Additionally, Poland has negative net migration, especially as some of the country’s best and brightest have left to other countries for better job opportunities (known as “brain drain”).

Population Rank
Growth Rate
2023 World Percentage
Land Area
306,130
The current population of Poland is 40,645,301 based on projections of the latest United Nations data. The UN estimates the July 1, 2023 population at 41,026,067.

Poland Growth Rate

Poland Population 2023 (Live)

Poland Population Clock

Poland Population (as of 12/1/2023)40,645,301
Last UN Estimate (July 1, 2023)41,026,067
Births per Day1,160
Deaths per Day1,140
Migrations per Day-2,493
Net Change per Day-2,473
Population Change Since Jan. 1-828,455

Components of Population Change

One birth every 1.23 minutes
One death every 1.27 minutes
One emigrant every 35 seconds
Net loss of one person every 35 seconds

Poland Population Clock

City
Population
Warsaw1,702,139
Lodz768,755
Krakow755,050
Wroclaw634,893
Poznan570,352
Gdansk461,865
Szczecin407,811
Bydgoszcz366,452
Lublin360,044
Katowice317,316
showing: 10 rows

Poland Area and Population Density

According to figures calculated by the Polish Central Statistical Office, Poland had a population of 37,115,000 people by the end of 2007. This made the average population density equal to 122 people / km2. Of this number, 61.5% of the people belonged to urban areas. The male population of the country is about 48.2%, and the remaining 51.8% belongs to the female population.

Largest Cities in Poland

The capital of Poland is Warsaw, and its official language is Polish. Another language that exists on a more regional basis is Kashubian. The population of Warsaw, which is the only city with over a million residents, currently has a population of 1,708,139.

Other cities with notable populations between 500,000 and 1,000,000 are Krakow, Lodz, Wroclaw, and Poznan.

Poland Population Density Map

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Year
Population
Growth Rate
Density (km²)
Population Rank
Density Rank
195527,099,1991.8%88.491960
196029,509,9031.72%96.371960
196531,224,0811.14%101.962166
197032,482,9430.79%106.072468
197533,899,7700.86%110.702469
198035,521,4290.94%116.002569
198537,179,1600.92%121.412670
199038,064,2550.47%124.302872
199538,401,9780.18%125.402974
200038,504,4310.05%125.743080
200538,575,9110.04%125.973284
201038,597,3530.01%126.043388
201538,553,146-0.02%125.903491
201738,532,8120%125.833791
201838,521,457-0.03%125.793791
201938,493,601-0.07%125.703791
202038,428,366-0.17%125.493891
202239,857,1450.68%130.153791
202341,026,0671.27%133.973791
showing: 19 rows

Poland Population by Year (Historical)

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Year
Population
Growth Rate
Density (km²)
Population Rank
Density Rank
202341,026,0671.27%133.973791
202440,221,7260.88%131.343792
202539,616,7300.61%129.373793
203038,700,518-0.47%126.384497
203537,971,541-0.38%124.005199
204037,043,145-0.49%120.9752104
204536,001,211-0.57%117.5655109
205034,932,339-0.6%114.0760112
205533,858,601-0.62%110.5761118
206032,726,742-0.68%106.8762122
206531,459,143-0.79%102.7363127
207030,058,215-0.91%98.1665130
207528,613,166-0.98%93.4468130
208027,235,018-0.98%88.9469136
208526,004,010-0.92%84.9269139
209024,926,208-0.84%81.4070143
209523,970,225-0.78%78.2870145
showing: 17 rows

Poland Population by Year (Projections)

Poland Population Pyramid 2023

Poland Median Age

41.9

Total

40.3

Male

43.6

Female

Poland Population by Age

There are people over age 18 in Poland.

Census Years

Year
Date
19886 December 1988
200220 May 2002
201130 June 2011
202130 June 2021
showing: 4 rows

Poland Population Pyramid

Poland, which is called the Republic of Poland in the official books, is located in Central Europe. To its west is Germany, to its south are Slovakia and the Czech Republic, and to the east are Ukraine and Belarus. The northern border is comprised of the Baltic Sea, Kaliningrad Oblast, Lithuania and the Russian exclave. The country constitutes a total area of 120,726 square miles (312,679 square kilometers) , which makes it the 69th largest country of the world and the ninth largest in Europe. Poland is a unitary state comprised of 16 voivodeships.

Demographics

The sex ratio at the time of birth between men and women is 1.06 males / female. For the age group under 15 years, it is 1.06 males / female. For the next age group, which is 15-64 years, it is 0.99 male / female. For the last age group, which is 65 years and over, the sex ratio is calculated to be about 0.62 male / female. When combined, this data gives an overall ratio of 0.94 male per female.

The infant mortality rate is estimated to be 6.42 deaths / 1000 live births for the total, with 7.12 deaths for the males and 5.67 deaths for the females per 1000 live births.

Poland Religion, Economy and Politics

87% of the population follows a Catholic religious path, while small percentages follow Protestant, Orthodox, and other religions.

The life expectancy rate has often been in the favor of deaths, especially during the World War. The growth rate also stayed negative until around 2007, but recently the stats have changed. The growth rate has now become 1.19%, which is the estimate calculated in 2012. The birth rate in 2012 was estimated to be 9.96 per 1000 people. The death rate was calculated as 9.24 deaths per 1000 deaths, which is still very close to the birth rate. The fertility rate has been decreasing since 2008, which at that point was 1.39 children born per woman and has now reached 1.31 children born per woman.

In 2018, these numbers are now updated to reflect a median age of 40.7 years of age, with a total life expectancy of 77.8 years of age. The death rate is at 10.4 per 1,000 individuals, over a full point up from previous calculations. The birth rate is now at 9.5 births per 1,000 individuals, indicating another decrease in the natural growth rate. The fertility rate is currently at 1.35 children per woman, which is a much smaller decrease than similar recent statistics in this arena.

Poland Population History

The population of the Republic of Poland was at only 1 million around the year 1000. This figure doubled by 1370 and gave Poland a population density of 8.6 people per square km. The country was affected comparatively little by the Black Death than the rest of Western Europe, which is why its population didn’t fall as much and continued to rise. By 1490, Poland’s population had jumped up to about 8 million inhabitants. Urbanization in the country further increased the population due to the innumerous migrations. By 1815, there were 11 million Poles in the territory; but due to the 3 partitions after 1772, the population was distributed among different countries.

However, the population still struggled to revive. Even after the millions of deaths in the Second World War, the census held in 1946 indicated a total population of 23,930,000. Out of this, 32% of the people were living in cities and towns and in urban areas, whereas 68% of the people were living in the countryside. The population further grew until recently, when it finally started decreasing because of a negative growth rate.

Poland Population Rank 2023
Area (km²)
312,679
2023 Growth Rate
Capital
GDP (IMF)
$596.63
GDP (UN)
$471.40 Bn

Poland - General Info

  1. Polish Official Statistics
  2. World Population Prospects (2022 Revision) - United Nations population estimates and projections.
  3. GeoNames

Sources