Conversion Therapy Ban States 2025

Conversion therapy, also referred to as reparative therapy or sexual orientation change efforts (SOCE), emerged in the mid-20th century with the aim of altering individuals’ sexual orientation or gender identity. Originating from psychoanalytic and behavioral theories, proponents claimed that homosexuality and transgender identity could be “cured” through various psychological or religious interventions.

However, as awareness and understanding of LGBTQ+ issues evolved, conversion therapy came under increasing scrutiny for its lack of scientific validity and its potential to cause significant harm to individuals subjected to it. Critics, including major medical and mental health organizations, have condemned the practice as ineffective, unethical, and psychologically damaging.

The controversy surrounding conversion therapy intensified in the late 20th and early 21st centuries as LGBTQ+ advocacy groups, mental health professionals, and lawmakers raised concerns about its impact on vulnerable populations, particularly minors. Studies have shown that individuals who undergo conversion therapy are at a heightened risk of depression, anxiety, substance abuse, and suicide.

In response to these concerns, several states in the United States have taken legislative action to ban or restrict conversion therapy, particularly for minors. These measures reflect a broader societal shift toward affirming LGBTQ+ rights and promoting inclusive mental health practices.