Mental Health Laws by State
Emotional Support Animal Laws by State 2025
Legal Exceptions
None
Some
State | Legal Exceptions↓ | Species Allowed | Public Access | Airline Travel | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | California | Some | Any species | No special access | No |
 | Florida | Some | Any species | Barred from bars and restaurants | With ESA letter depending of the airline |
 | Hawaii | Some | Any species | No special access | No |
 | Idaho | Some | Any species | No special access | No |
 | Illinois | Some | Any species | Possible in some places with ESA letter | With ESA letter depending of the airline |
 | Kansas | Some | Any species | No special access | With ESA letter depending of the airline |
 | Maine | Some | Any species | No special access | With ESA letter depending of the airline. Usually has extra charge. |
 | Maryland | Some | Any species | Possible in some places with ESA letter | With ESA letter depending of the airline. Usually has extra charge. |
 | Michigan | Some | Any species | Possible in some places with ESA letter | No |
 | Missouri | Some | Any species | No special access | With ESA letter depending of the airline |
 | Montana | Some | Any species | Possible in some places with ESA letter | No |
 | Nevada | Some | Any species | Possible in some places with ESA letter | With ESA letter depending of the airline |
 | New York | Some | Any species | Possible in some places with ESA letter | With ESA letter depending of the airline |
 | North Carolina | Some | Any species | No special access | With ESA letter depending of the airline |
 | North Dakota | Some | Any species | No special access | No |
 | Ohio | Some | Any species | No special access | With ESA letter depending of the airline |
 | Oregon | Some | Any species | No special access | With ESA letter depending of the airline |
 | Pennsylvania | Some | Any species | Yes with ESA letter | With ESA letter depending of the airline |
 | Rhode Island | Some | Any species | No special access | With ESA letter depending of the airline |
 | South Carolina | Some | Any species | No special access | No |
 | Texas | Some | Any species | Possible in some places with ESA letter | With ESA letter depending of the airline |
 | Utah | Some | Any species | Possible in some places with ESA letter | With ESA letter depending of the airline |
 | Vermont | Some | Any species | No special access | With ESA letter depending of the airline |
 | Virginia | Some | Any species | Possible in some places with ESA letter | With ESA letter depending of the airline |
 | West Virginia | Some | Any species | No special access | No |
 | Alabama | None | Any species | No special access | No |
 | Alaska | None | Any species | No special access | Only psychiatric assistance dog (PAD) (service dog) |
 | Arizona | None | Any species | No special access | Varies by airline |
 | Arkansas | None | Any species | No special access | Only psychiatric assistance dog (PAD) (service dog) |
 | Colorado | None | Any species | No special access | No |
 | Connecticut | None | Most domesticated species | No special access | With ESA letter depending of the airline |
 | Delaware | None | Any species | No special access | With ESA letter depending of the airline |
 | Georgia | None | Any species | No special access | With ESA letter depending of the airline |
 | Indiana | None | Any species | No special access | With ESA letter depending of the airline |
 | Iowa | None | Any species | No special access | With ESA letter depending of the airline |
 | Kentucky | None | Any species | No special access | No |
 | Louisiana | None | Most domesticated species | No special access | No |
 | Massachusetts | None | Any species | No special access | With ESA letter depending of the airline |
 | Minnesota | None | Any species | No special access | With ESA letter depending of the airline |
 | Mississippi | None | Any species | No special access | No |
 | Nebraska | None | Any species | No special access | No |
 | New Hampshire | None | Any species | No special access | No |
 | New Jersey | None | Any species | No special access | No |
 | New Mexico | None | Any species | No special access | No |
 | Oklahoma | None | Any species | No special access | No |
 | South Dakota | None | Any species | No special access | No |
 | Tennessee | None | Any species | No special access | No |
 | Washington | None | Any species | No special access | No |
 | Wisconsin | None | Any species | No special access | No |
 | Wyoming | None | Any species | No special access | No |
- In all states, a letter from a licensed mental health professional is required to qualify an animal as an Emotional Support Animal.
- In states with legal exceptions, ESA animals are classified differently than common pets and may enjoy additional priviledges. In states without legal exceptions, ESAs enjoy the same priviledges as common pets.
- The Fair Housing Act is a federal law that protects people from housing discrimination due to factors including race, color, national origin, sex, familial status, and disability. According to the FHA, landlords can request documentation that validates an animal as an ESA but cannot raise the rent of or refuse to rent to tenants who live with an ESA.
Emotional Support Animals (ESAs) play a crucial role in providing comfort and assistance to individuals coping with various mental health conditions. However, the laws surrounding ESAs can vary significantly from state to state, adding complexity to the process of obtaining and utilizing these invaluable companions. Understanding the legal landscape is essential for those considering ESAs to ensure they receive the support they need while adhering to relevant regulations.
In Alabama, Alaska, and Arkansas, ESAs are not granted any special access rights, and the types of animals allowed may vary. Conversely, states like California and Colorado have implemented some provisions for ESAs, but access may still be limited in certain situations. For example, in California, ESAs are protected under state and federal law, allowing individuals with disabilities to live with their animals in rental housing, provided they meet specific criteria. Similarly, Colorado recognizes the rights of individuals with disabilities to be accompanied by their ESAs in housing and on public transportation.
The process of obtaining an ESA letter, which is often required for housing and travel accommodations, can also vary depending on the state. In Georgia, individuals must obtain a legitimate ESA letter from a licensed mental health professional to qualify for accommodations. Similarly, in Iowa, individuals must ensure they have proper documentation to support their need for an ESA in housing and public settings.
Despite the variations in ESA laws and regulations across states, the overarching goal is to ensure that individuals with disabilities have equal access to housing and transportation, as well as the support they need to manage their conditions effectively. By staying informed about state-specific laws and requirements, individuals can navigate the complexities of ESA ownership with confidence and ensure that their furry companions continue to provide them with the comfort and assistance they deserve.
