Pseudoephedrine Restriction Type
State | Pseudoephedrine Restriction Type↓ | Additional Details of Pseudoephedrine Law | |
---|---|---|---|
Pennsylvania | Storage Limits | PSE products must be stored behind a counter where the public is not permitted | |
Mississippi | Prescription required | May only dispensed pursuant to valid prescription of a practitioner | |
Kansas | Pharmacy Only | Products may only be sold or distributed in a licensed pharmacy by a licensed pharmacist, a registered pharmacy technician or a pharmacy intern or student supervised by a licensed pharmacist | |
Alaska | Monthly Limit | Products dispensed pursuant to prescription are not subject to purchase and possession limits. No person may purchase or possess more than 6 g of PSE, EPH or PPA per 30 days unless dispensed pursuant to a prescription | |
Arkansas | Monthly Limit | No more than 3 packages containing one or more products; or a single package containing more than 96 pills, tablets, gelcaps, capsules or other individual units in any 30-day period. Purchaser must be at least 18 years old | |
Delaware | Monthly Limit | No more than 9 g within a 30-day period | |
Illinois | Monthly Limit | No retail distributor operating a pharmacy, and no pharmacist or pharmacy technician, shall knowingly distribute to a single person in any 30-day period products containing more than a total of 7,500 milligrams of ephedrine or pseudoephedrine, their salts or optical isomers, or salts of optical isomers | |
Kentucky | Monthly Limit | Consumers may not purchase more than 7.2 g of EPH, PSE or PPA in solid dose products to an individual within a 30 day period | |
Louisiana | Monthly Limit | May not sell or distribute in a quantity greater than 9g of EPH, PSE, and PPA within a 30 day period | |
Minnesota | Monthly Limit | Single transactions limited to no more than 2 packages or 6 grams. Purchaser may not acquire more than 6 grams per 30 days | |
Montana | Monthly Limit | Sales limited to no more than 9 grams of nonexempt PSE or EPH products per thirty days | |
New Jersey | Monthly Limit | Sales of single entity and combination EPH, PSE and PPA products are limited to three packages or any number of packages that contain a total of nine grams of PSE | |
Oregon | Monthly Limit | A person commits the crime of unlawful distribution if the person sells or otherwise transfers EPH, PSE or PPA products in violation of board rules or more than 9 grams to a person other than a veterinarian, physician, pharmacist, retail distributor, wholesaler, manufacturer, warehouseman or common carrier in the regular course of lawful business activities | |
South Dakota | Monthly Limit | No person may purchase, and no retailer may sell, in a single transaction, more than 2 packages of PSE. No person may possess, receive, or otherwise acquire more than 9 grams of EPH base, PSE base, or (PPA) base in any product within any 30-day period | |
Tennessee | Monthly Limit | Sales limited to 3 packages of non-exempt products or no more than 9 g of any PSE product (weight limit applies to total amount of PSE ) per 30 days | |
New Hampshire | Illegal | No person shall knowingly and unlawfully possess a drug product containing pseudoephedrine, or phenylpropanolamine with the intent to use the product as a precursor to manufacture methamphetamine or another controlled substance | |
Connecticut | Federal Law | There are no state laws or regulations of OTC sales of PSE products in Connecticut. Applicable Federal laws and rules are observed | |
Maryland | Federal Law | There are no state laws or regulations of OTC sales of PSE products in Maryland. Applicable Federal laws and rules are observed | |
Massachusetts | Federal Law | There are no state laws or regulations of OTC sales of PSE products in Massachusetts. Applicable Federal laws and rules are observed | |
New York | Federal Law | There are no state laws or regulations of OTC sales of PSE products in New York. Applicable Federal laws and rules are observed | |
Rhode Island | Federal Law | There are no state laws or regulations of OTC sales of PSE products in Rhode Island. Applicable Federal laws and rules are observed | |
California | Daily Limit | No retailer may sell in a single transaction more than 3 packages or 9 grams of a product containing EPH, PSE, NPSE or PPA | |
Colorado | Daily Limit | Purchases of EPH, PSE and PPA products are limited to 3.6 grams or a combination of two or more methamphetamine precursor drugs per person within a 24 hour period | |
Florida | Daily Limit | In any single day, a person may not knowingly obtain or deliver to an individual through an OTC (retail) sale any number of packages of a nonprescription compound, mixture, or preparation containing more than 3.6 grams of PSE/EPH/PPA | |
Idaho | Daily Limit | Unlawful for any retailer to knowingly sell, transfer or furnish more than 3.6 grams of PSE in a single day | |
Iowa | Daily Limit | Retailer or employee of retailer may not knowingly sell more than one package containing 3.6 mg of PSE to a person in a twenty-four-hour period | |
Maine | Daily Limit | Retailer may not sell to the same person a targeted methamphetamine precursor that causes the sales to that person of targeted methamphetamine precursors within a 24-hour period to exceed 3.6 grams | |
Michigan | Daily Limit | May not sell more 3.6 grams of EPH or PSE alone or in a mixture to any individual on any single calendar day | |
Missouri | Daily Limit | 3.6 grams per person per 24 hour period for all products without regard to the number of transactions | |
Nebraska | Daily Limit | No more than 3.6 g of PSE/ PPA/EPH to be sold to or purchased by a customer per 24 hours | |
Nevada | Daily Limit | A retail distributor may not sell or transfer to the same person in the same calendar day more than 3.6 grams of EPH base | |
North Carolina | Daily Limit | Per calendar day: No person may purchase or deliver more than 3.6 grams of any nonexempt PSE or EPH product per transaction unless sold pursuant to a prescription | |
North Dakota | Daily Limit | Sales limited to packages of no more than 2 grams of one or more scheduled listed chemical products calculated in terms of PSE base. Daily sales without regard to the number of over the counter sales limited to no more than 3.6 grams. No sales to person under 18 years old. | |
South Carolina | Daily Limit | Retailer may not sell to an individual in any single day more than 3.6g of PSE. | |
Utah | Daily Limit | Sales limited to 3.6 grams of EPH, PSE or PPA, regardless of the number of transactions, during any 24-hour period. | |
Wisconsin | Daily Limit | May not sell more than 4 ounces per 48 hours of a product containing PSE | |
Alabama | Daily & Monthly | No person shall deliver, sell, or purchase products sold over-the-counter that contain a combined total of more than 3.6 grams per calendar day or more than 7.5 grams per 30 days, of ephedrine base or pseudoephedrine base. The purchaser must be 18 years of age and present a valid, government-issued ID card or passport. | |
Arizona | Daily & Monthly | A retailer shall not sell to the same person, and a person shall not purchase, products containing more than 3.6 grams per day or more than 9 grams per 30- day period of ephedrine or pseudoephedrine base | |
Georgia | Daily & Monthly | No person shall distribute or purchase any nonprescription product containing more than 3.6 grams of ephedrine or pseudoephedrine per day in dosage form or more than 9 grams of ephedrine or pseudoephedrine per 30 day period in dosage form of any product | |
Hawaii | Daily & Monthly | Products containing no more than 3.6 grams per day and 9 grams per 30 days | |
Indiana | Daily & Monthly | No person may purchase products containing more than 3.6 grams of EPH, PSE or both in one day, or more than 7.2 grams of EPH or PSE or both in a 30 day | |
New Mexico | Daily & Monthly | Purchases are limited to 3.6 grams per day and no more than 9 grams per 30 days | |
Ohio | Daily & Monthly | Purchases are limited to 3.6 grams per day and no more than 9 grams per 30 days | |
Oklahoma | Daily & Monthly | Sales limited to 3.6 g of any product, mixture, or preparation per day and 7.2 g of product, mixture, or preparation per 30-day period | |
Texas | Daily & Monthly | Per person OTC purchases are limited to 3.6 grams of PSE per calendar day and 9 grams per 30 days | |
Vermont | Daily & Monthly | Retailers may not knowingly sell an individual customer more than 3.6 grams PSE per 24-hours or 9 grams per 30 days | |
Virginia | Daily & Monthly | Pharmacy or retail distributor shall be limited to no more than 3.6 grams per day and 9 grams per 30-day period per individual customer | |
Washington | Daily & Monthly | No pharmacy or retail may sell in a single transaction a total of more than 3.6 grams in any 24-hour period or more than 9 grams per purchaser in any 30 day period. | |
West Virginia | Daily & Monthly | May be sold, delivered, or provided only in licensed pharmacies, behind the pharmacy counter, by a pharmacist, registered pharmacy intern, or registered pharmacy technician, Limited to NO more than 3.6 g per day, 7.2 g in a 30 day period | |
Wyoming | Daily & Monthly | No person shall obtain more than 3.6 grams per calendar day or 9 grams during any 30 day period. |
States have varying regulations regarding pseudoephedrine and ephedrine sales. These drugs are found in certain sinus and bronchial decongestants, though they are not the primary treatment for allergies. Pseudoephedrine is a sympathomimetic drug used as a nasal decongestant, which reduces nasal congestion by narrowing blood vessels. It is commonly found in medications for sinus congestion and bronchial relief. While not an allergy treatment itself, it is sometimes combined with antihistamines in allergy medications to help relieve nasal symptoms.
Each state enforces restrictions on pseudoephedrine sales, with federal law limiting purchases to 3.6 grams per day and 9 grams per 30 days. Some states impose stricter rules, such as requiring a prescription. These limits are based on the total pseudoephedrine content rather than the number of bottles or packs. While pseudoephedrine remains available over the counter in most states, purchases require ID verification and tracking at the pharmacy counter.
Although this issue has been occurring for many years, it was made popular with the public with the Netflix/AMC series Breaking Bad, which brought to light different “cooks” or methods that illegal markets and organizations use to make methamphetamine (Meth). Pseudoephedrine is a vital ingredient for certain types of meth, which can be created and distributed among many territories.
The DEA announced in 2005 that they had released the Combat Methamphetamine Epidemic Act, which was signed into law on March 9, 2006, as part of the USA PATRIOT Improvement and Reauthorization Act, and it took effect on September 30, 2006. The law called for comprehensive control and review of how pseudoephedrine and other related drugs are sold, distributed, and manufactured. Although the initial review included making this drug available only through prescription, the law ultimately restricted purchases but allowed continued over-the-counter sales with ID verification and tracking. Without access to this medication—especially over the counter—individuals with chronic sinus conditions, asthma, and severe allergies may experience worsening symptoms, which could lead to health complications if not properly managed with alternative treatments.
Furthermore, those who require prescription drugs are also controlled and limited. This is because drug dealers tend to use “mules” or civilians who are bribed, coerced, or manipulated into purchasing large quantities of pseudoephedrine-containing medications to hand over the majority of them to drug cartels in order to boost the production of meth. While this still occurs, the act has greatly reduced the amount of pseudoephedrine in circulation, which has curbed certain “cooking methods” of street meth.
At the time of release, the FDA and DEA released multiple statements alerting customers to read what is on the label. For example, certain pharmaceutical companies voluntarily removed pseudoephedrine from their formulations in order to avoid compliance with federal restrictions, as this would hurt both the bottom and top line of their balance sheets. Certain states already concerned with drug sales within their jurisdictions were hardly affected, as their strongest policies were already in effect to control over-the-counter medications for street drugs and other problems. While multiple states have strict laws on drug trafficking, Florida is known for particularly severe penalties related to drug possession and distribution.