| County | Rank | Change (2020) ↓ | 2025 Pop. | 2020 Pop. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frederick County | 1 | 11.62% | 304,480 | 272,787 |
| Queen Anne's County | 2 | 9.32% | 54,694 | 50,033 |
| Charles County | 3 | 6% | 176,688 | 166,692 |
| Caroline County | 4 | 4.15% | 34,658 | 33,277 |
| Worcester County | 5 | 3.66% | 54,445 | 52,522 |
| Somerset County | 6 | 3.55% | 25,438 | 24,567 |
| Wicomico County | 7 | 3.39% | 107,073 | 103,563 |
| Montgomery County | 8 | 3.23% | 1,095,149 | 1,060,856 |
| St. Mary's County | 9 | 3.03% | 117,459 | 114,006 |
| Cecil County | 10 | 3.01% | 106,934 | 103,805 |
| Kent County | 11 | 2.87% | 19,673 | 19,124 |
| Howard County | 12 | 2.76% | 341,995 | 332,821 |
| Carroll County | 13 | 2.64% | 177,481 | 172,910 |
| Dorchester County | 14 | 2.56% | 33,354 | 32,523 |
| Talbot County | 15 | 2.4% | 38,421 | 37,522 |
| Washington County | 16 | 2.37% | 158,340 | 154,677 |
| Calvert County | 17 | 2.24% | 94,998 | 92,921 |
| Harford County | 18 | 1.92% | 266,257 | 261,245 |
| Anne Arundel County | 19 | 1.91% | 604,735 | 593,412 |
| Prince George's County | 20 | 1.17% | 976,725 | 965,398 |
| Baltimore County | 21 | 0.33% | 856,174 | 853,338 |
| Allegany County | 22 | -1.55% | 66,898 | 67,950 |
| Garrett County | 23 | -1.78% | 28,284 | 28,797 |
| Baltimore city | 24 | -2.43% | 569,025 | 583,189 |
Maryland's counties show varied growth patterns from 2020 to 2025. Frederick County leads with 11.62% annualized growth, followed by Queen Anne's County (9.32%) and Charles County (6%). The largest counties are Montgomery County (1,095,149), Prince George's County (976,725), and Baltimore County (856,174). Of the 24 counties in Maryland, 21 are growing while 3 have experienced population decline. Overall, counties averaged 2.85% annualized growth, with total population growing by 2.13% annually.
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