Nutrition and Wellness
Food Self Sufficiency Rate by Country 2025
Global Food Security Index (GFSI) Score (0-100)
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5 Countries with the Highest GFSI Score
Country | Global Food Security Index (GFSI) Score (0-100)↓ | Land Area Needed for Self-Sufficiency | GFSI Score Change (2012-2022) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Finland | 83.7 | 17.86% | 5.3 |
 | Ireland | 81.7 | 14.56% | 4.8 |
 | Norway | 80.5 | 122.8% | -0.4 |
 | France | 80.2 | 43.07% | 3.4 |
 | Netherlands | 80.1 | 120.16% | 6.7 |
 | Japan | 79.5 | 157.81% | 4.1 |
 | Canada | 79.1 | 12.66% | 7 |
 | Sweden | 79.1 | 13.06% | 3.4 |
 | United Kingdom | 78.8 | 61.44% | 7.2 |
 | Portugal | 78.7 | 67.46% | 3.9 |
 | Switzerland | 78.2 | 118.9% | 5 |
 | Austria | 78.1 | 39.57% | 3.7 |
 | United States | 78 | 13.24% | 1.3 |
 | Denmark | 77.8 | 47.92% | 4.4 |
 | New Zealand | 77.8 | 7.37% | 5.2 |
 | Czechia | 77.7 | 60.53% | 5.4 |
 | Belgium | 77.5 | 113.44% | 3.9 |
 | Costa Rica | 77.4 | 99.09% | 5.7 |
 | Germany | 77 | 53.97% | 3.6 |
 | Spain | 75.7 | 63.7% | 0.8 |
 | Poland | 75.5 | 44.93% | 7 |
 | Australia | 75.4 | 2.79% | 4.6 |
 | United Arab Emirates | 75.2 | 1116.84% | 12 |
 | Israel | 74.8 | 1080.32% | 7.8 |
 | China | 74.2 | 45.39% | 13.7 |
 | Chile | 74.2 | 17.15% | 5.9 |
 | Italy | 74 | 96.28% | 2.5 |
 | Singapore | 73.1 | 4.7 | |
 | Bulgaria | 73 | 38.3% | 9.5 |
 | Qatar | 72.4 | 2.5 | |
 | Greece | 72.2 | 49.86% | 4.7 |
 | Kazakhstan | 72.1 | 5.14% | 9.4 |
 | Uruguay | 71.8 | 7.74% | 10.9 |
 | Hungary | 71.4 | 33.06% | 5.3 |
 | Oman | 71.2 | 229.8% | 13.8 |
 | Slovakia | 71.1 | 275.88% | 6.9 |
 | Peru | 70.8 | 48.01% | 7.7 |
 | Bahrain | 70.3 | 5.6 | |
 | South Korea | 70.2 | 493.52% | 7.1 |
 | Panama | 70 | 123.28% | 8.8 |
 | Malaysia | 69.9 | 103.51% | 5.7 |
 | Saudi Arabia | 69.9 | 6.24% | 11.8 |
 | Russia | 69.1 | 24.57% | 6.1 |
 | Mexico | 69.1 | 38.33% | 7.3 |
 | Romania | 68.8 | 32.64% | 5.8 |
 | Vietnam | 67.9 | 213.73% | 13.4 |
 | Jordan | 66.2 | 561.44% | 2.9 |
 | Ecuador | 65.6 | 146.56% | 6.2 |
 | Turkey | 65.3 | 66.06% | 2.9 |
 | Kuwait | 65.2 | -0.5 | |
 | Brazil | 65.1 | 17.14% | 1.3 |
 | Bolivia | 65 | 14.78% | 12.2 |
 | Dominican Republic | 65 | 158.07% | 5.5 |
 | Argentina | 64.8 | 5.47% | 1.3 |
 | Belarus | 64.5 | 39.59% | 4.3 |
 | El Salvador | 64.2 | 231.21% | 5.4 |
 | Morocco | 63 | 86.63% | 9.1 |
 | Guatemala | 62.8 | 148.25% | 6.6 |
 | South Africa | 61.7 | 16.27% | 4.6 |
 | Honduras | 61.5 | 160.89% | 7.4 |
 | Serbia | 61.4 | 60.59% | 8 |
 | Tunisia | 60.3 | 131.48% | 4.3 |
 | Indonesia | 60.2 | 199.65% | 4.8 |
 | Thailand | 60.1 | 131.23% | 4.6 |
 | Colombia | 60.1 | 32.17% | -2.2 |
 | Azerbaijan | 59.8 | 110.99% | 2.9 |
 | Philippines | 59.3 | 360.67% | 7.2 |
 | India | 58.9 | 292.93% | 5.1 |
 | Algeria | 58.9 | 74.38% | 8.4 |
 | Paraguay | 58.6 | 13.95% | 4.6 |
 | Ukraine | 57.9 | 25.38% | 2.1 |
 | Myanmar | 57.6 | 203.92% | 8.2 |
 | Uzbekistan | 57.5 | 35.13% | 7.1 |
 | Nepal | 56.9 | 420.32% | 11.1 |
 | Tajikistan | 56.7 | 83.02% | 9.6 |
 | Nicaragua | 56.6 | 45.5% | 6.3 |
 | Egypt | 56 | 733.62% | 2.2 |
 | Cambodia | 55.7 | 131.42% | 11.4 |
 | Sri Lanka | 55.2 | 371.67% | 2.3 |
 | Bangladesh | 54 | 1195.72% | 6.9 |
 | Laos | 53.1 | 91.14% | 9 |
 | Kenya | 53 | 89.68% | 10 |
 | Ghana | 52.6 | 164.74% | 2.1 |
 | Pakistan | 52.2 | 421.6% | 8.7 |
 | Mali | 51.9 | 40.15% | 7.4 |
 | Senegal | 51.2 | 113.31% | 8.7 |
 | Botswana | 51.1 | 11.63% | 0.9 |
 | Rwanda | 50.6 | 4.7 | |
 | Burkina Faso | 49.6 | 149.3% | 10.7 |
 | Tanzania | 49.1 | 159.03% | 10.2 |
 | Malawi | 48.1 | 157.99% | 2.6 |
 | Benin | 48.1 | 333.78% | 8.9 |
 | Uganda | 47.7 | 221.85% | 6.7 |
 | Mozambique | 47.3 | 41.72% | 3.5 |
 | Ivory Coast | 46.5 | 126.24% | 1.5 |
 | Cameroon | 46.4 | 241.51% | 2.8 |
 | Niger | 46.3 | 56.31% | 4.2 |
 | Togo | 46.2 | 222.55% | 3.5 |
 | Guinea | 45.1 | 62.89% | 9.3 |
 | Ethiopia | 44.5 | 181.11% | 5.8 |
 | Angola | 43.7 | 59.3% | 0.8 |
 | Zambia | 43.5 | 38.73% | -1.8 |
 | Chad | 43.2 | 30.25% | 7.7 |
 | DR Congo | 43 | 434.02% | 9.3 |
 | Sudan | 42.8 | 43.96% | 7.3 |
 | Venezuela | 42.6 | 49.63% | -4.9 |
 | Nigeria | 42 | 240.9% | -0.9 |
 | Madagascar | 40.6 | 43.51% | 1.2 |
 | Burundi | 40.6 | 653.04% | -1.4 |
 | Sierra Leone | 40.5 | 167.41% | -1 |
 | Yemen | 40.1 | 139.48% | 0.1 |
 | Haiti | 38.5 | 469.69% | -5.4 |
 | Syria | 36.3 | 92.26% | -10.5 |
 | Iran | 79.32% | ||
 | Iraq | 241.7% | ||
 | Afghanistan | 77.15% | ||
 | North Korea | 244.29% | ||
 | Somalia | 67.58% | ||
 | Zimbabwe | 60.18% | ||
 | South Sudan | 32.1% | ||
 | Papua New Guinea | 509.14% | ||
 | Turkmenistan | 13.54% | ||
 | Kyrgyzstan | 25.29% | ||
 | Republic of the Congo | 40.63% | ||
 | Lebanon | 381.44% | ||
 | Liberia | 172.23% | ||
 | Central African Republic | 83.91% | ||
 | Mauritania | 13.88% | ||
 | Croatia | 87.64% | ||
 | Georgia | 94.89% | ||
 | Eritrea | 69.16% | ||
 | Mongolia | 4.04% | ||
 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 61.42% | ||
 | Namibia | 9.16% | ||
 | Moldova | 80.29% | ||
 | Armenia | 70.16% | ||
 | Lithuania | 26.43% | ||
 | Albania | 83.19% | ||
 | Gabon | 28.63% | ||
 | Guinea-Bissau | 124.32% | ||
 | Slovenia | 78.81% | ||
 | Latvia | 29.88% | ||
 | North Macedonia | 118.77% | ||
 | Cyprus | 440.93% | ||
 | Estonia | 43.73% | ||
 | Mauritius | 681.05% | ||
 | Eswatini | 78.4% | ||
 | Fiji | 46.39% | ||
 | Solomon Islands | 367.34% | ||
 | Bhutan | 107% | ||
 | Luxembourg | 102.01% | ||
 | Suriname | 191.02% | ||
 | Cape Verde | 1202.62% | ||
 | Belize | 85.37% | ||
 | Iceland | 5.19% | ||
 | Sao Tome and Principe | 590.31% | ||
 | Grenada | 968.98% | ||
 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 418.36% | ||
 | Antigua and Barbuda | 685.45% |
- A 2023 study by Leiden University in the Netherlands computed the percentage of each country’s current area that would be required to grow enough food to feed the entire country. Lower percentages equate to greater self-sufficiency.
- Some countries would require more than 100% of their total land area to become food self-sufficient.
- The Global Food Security Index (GFSI) is an annual assessment measuring food security through indicators including affordability, availability, quality, and safety. Domestic food supplies factor heavily into this assessment.
The World Bank’s report on food insecurity highlights a pressing global challenge, with 288 million people across 48 countries grappling with food scarcity. The Global Food Security Index (GFSI) serves as a crucial metric in this context, evaluating food self-sufficiency across 113 countries based on factors like sustainability and adaptation. The United States demonstrates high self-sufficiency, importing only 20% of its food, yet still, 10.2% of households face food insecurity, particularly in states like Mississippi and Arkansas. Conversely, the Netherlands boasts a GFSI score of 80.1, with policies aimed at fostering agricultural growth to mitigate rural poverty, underscoring the varied approaches and challenges nations face in ensuring food security.
Countries like Japan and Sweden, with GFSI scores of 79.5 and 79.1 respectively, showcase different aspects of food security. Japan, importing 40% of its food, emphasizes the importance of food availability and access, while Sweden is noted for having one of the most sustainable food systems. Canada shares a similar GFSI score with Sweden but struggles with food insecurity affecting 18% of its population, linked to broader social issues such as poor mental health. In stark contrast, Haiti faces a dire situation with nearly half of its population experiencing food insecurity, compounded by environmental and economic challenges. Meanwhile, Norway presents a model of moderate self-sufficiency, achieving a 50% rate in food and agriculture. These snapshots offer a glimpse into the complexities of global food security and the varied strategies countries employ towards achieving self-sufficiency and addressing hunger.
