| City | Rank | 2026 Pop. ↓ | 2020 Pop. | Annual Change | Density (/mi²) | Area (mi²) | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arkansas City | 1 | 11,753 | 11,968 | -0.4% | 1,239 | 9 | City |
| Winfield | 2 | 11,730 | 11,767 | -0.13% | 1,053 | 11 | City |
| Udall | 3 | 640 | 661 | -0.78% | 1,174 | 1 | City |
| Burden | 4 | 508 | 511 | -0.2% | 983 | 1 | City |
| Parkerfield | 5 | 410 | 406 | 0% | 449 | 1 | City |
| Dexter | 6 | 234 | 225 | 0.43% | 845 | 0 | City |
| Atlanta | 7 | 162 | 167 | -0.61% | 338 | 0 | City |
| Cambridge | 8 | 91 | 93 | -1.09% | 520 | 0 | City |
Arkansas City is the largest city in Cowley County, with a population of 11,753.
Cambridge is the smallest city in Cowley County, with a population of 91.
There are 8 cities in Cowley County, Kansas.