8 cities
| City | Rank | 2026 Pop. ↓ | 2020 Pop. | Annual Change | Density | Area (mi²) | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arkansas City | 1 | 11,659 | 11,964 | -0.44% | 1,229 | 9 | City |
| Winfield | 2 | 11,632 | 11,769 | -0.2% | 1,044 | 11 | City |
| Udall | 3 | 631 | 661 | -0.79% | 1,158 | 1 | City |
| Burden | 4 | 503 | 511 | -0.2% | 973 | 1 | City |
| Parkerfield | 5 | 401 | 406 | -0.25% | 439 | 1 | City |
| Dexter | 6 | 231 | 225 | 0.43% | 834 | 0 | City |
| Atlanta | 7 | 160 | 168 | -0.62% | 334 | 0 | City |
| Cambridge | 8 | 91 | 93 | 0% | 520 | 0 | City |
Arkansas City is the largest city in Cowley County, with a population of 11,659.
Cambridge is the smallest city in Cowley County, with a population of 91.
There are 8 cities in Cowley County, Kansas.