Oregon Cities by Population 2026

Oregon’s local governance consists of 36 counties and more than 240 incorporated cities. Counties provide services in rural and unincorporated areas, while cities manage local services, planning, and governance within their boundaries.

Portland, Oregon’s largest city, switched from a commission form of government to a mayor-council structure on January 01, 2025. Each of the city’s four districts are represented by three council members, who serve four-year terms. Council members have no term limits, but their terms are staggered so that half of the council (six members) comes up for reelection every two years. The mayor also serves a four-year term and has no term limit. Prior to the switch, Portland had been the largest city in the US to operate under a commission government.

Eugene and Salem, Oregon’s other major cities, operate under council-manager governments. In these systems, the city council sets policies and a professional city manager oversees daily administration. This structure provides strong policy direction while maintaining a focus on efficient service delivery and local responsiveness.

Smaller cities and towns, such as Bend and Ashland, often use either council-manager or strong-mayor structures, depending on local needs and historical preferences. This flexibility allows communities to adapt governance to their unique challenges and opportunities.

Oregon’s counties, including Multnomah County and Deschutes County, handle services for unincorporated areas, focusing on public health, law enforcement, land use, and infrastructure. Boards of county commissioners manage these services, providing essential support to rural and less densely populated regions.

Unincorporated areas in Oregon often rely on county services, with many residents participating in local advisory committees to communicate community needs. This arrangement ensures representation and access to necessary services without formal incorporation.

Regional planning organizations and councils of governments promote cooperation between municipalities and counties, tackling challenges such as growth management, transportation, and environmental sustainability to balance development across the state.