Darkest Countries 2025

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Radiance per 1k Population

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

550

429.4

229.8

226.6

Country
Average Radiance 2023
Radiance per 1k Population 2023
Average Radiance 2012-2023
Aurora Borealis May Impact Radiance
Vatican City Flag
Vatican City68.480527.9104.7No
Monaco Flag
Monaco64.92039.779.5No
Macau Flag
Macau61.34329.860.7No
Bahrain Flag
Bahrain55.885173.949.4No
Singapore Flag
Singapore43.45135.843.9No
Qatar Flag
Qatar19.894429.415.3No
Gibraltar Flag
Gibraltar19.50649.220.1No
Hong Kong Flag
Hong Kong16.91717.316.5No
Malta Flag
Malta13.76559.312.9No
Sint Maarten Flag
Sint Maarten13.270102.810.6No
San Marino Flag
San Marino11.70697.811.6No
Kuwait Flag
Kuwait10.219192.58.6No
Palestine Flag
Palestine10.08658.97.1No
Israel Flag
Israel9.552109.67.7No
Aruba Flag
Aruba8.03584.56.3No
Trinidad and Tobago Flag
Trinidad and Tobago6.672131.16.5No
United Arab Emirates Flag
United Arab Emirates6.140213.95.0No
Curacao Flag
Curacao5.70899.75.3No
Taiwan Flag
Taiwan5.48041.15.1No
Barbados Flag
Barbados5.02842.81.6No
South Korea Flag
South Korea4.95847.84.0No
Puerto Rico Flag
Puerto Rico4.89569.34.7No
Saint Martin Flag
Saint Martin4.68162.54.2No
United States Virgin Islands Flag
United States Virgin Islands4.456121.24.2No
Guam Flag
Guam4.02374.84.7No
Nauru Flag
Nauru4.00366.03.1No
Netherlands Flag
Netherlands3.91140.55.0No
Cayman Islands Flag
Cayman Islands3.784126.93.8No
Bermuda Flag
Bermuda3.67644.04.0No
Belgium Flag
Belgium3.45143.04.6No
Italy Flag
Italy3.21376.13.2No
Luxembourg Flag
Luxembourg3.13861.33.6No
Cyprus Flag
Cyprus2.89293.22.8No
Martinique Flag
Martinique2.76746.93.6No
Mauritius Flag
Mauritius2.55422.51.8No
Saint Kitts and Nevis Flag
Saint Kitts and Nevis2.40581.12.1No
Antigua and Barbuda Flag
Antigua and Barbuda2.35672.62.0No
Brunei Flag
Brunei2.316145.42.4No
Iraq Flag
Iraq2.297121.41.6No
Portugal Flag
Portugal2.20493.72.4No
Guadeloupe Flag
Guadeloupe2.14451.52.4No
Lebanon Flag
Lebanon2.08614.83.6No
Anguilla Flag
Anguilla1.945114.31.8No
Saint Lucia Flag
Saint Lucia1.92936.61.9No
Andorra Flag
Andorra1.88852.12.7No
Reunion Flag
Reunion1.87127.32.2No
Mayotte Flag
Mayotte1.80417.81.2No
Dominican Republic Flag
Dominican Republic1.68437.41.0No
Vietnam Flag
Vietnam1.63326.31.3No
Jamaica Flag
Jamaica1.57931.51.3No
Jordan Flag
Jordan1.57062.21.0No
Turkey Flag
Turkey1.56169.71.1No
Spain Flag
Spain1.53077.51.5No
Japan Flag
Japan1.51121.91.4No
United Kingdom Flag
United Kingdom1.47926.71.6Yes
Liechtenstein Flag
Liechtenstein1.47128.71.7No
Greece Flag
Greece1.43089.31.2No
Maldives Flag
Maldives1.40058.60.6No
Saint Barthelemy Flag
Saint Barthelemy1.38857.81.0No
Thailand Flag
Thailand1.36049.40.8No
Serbia Flag
Serbia1.25665.61.2No
Malaysia Flag
Malaysia1.22858.61.0No
Czechia Flag
Czechia1.21641.81.2No
India Flag
India1.19113.00.8No
Grenada Flag
Grenada1.17125.51.0No
Germany Flag
Germany1.16423.51.1No
Poland Flag
Poland1.10641.91.1No
Croatia Flag
Croatia1.06472.71.1No
United States Flag
United States1.060114.90.9Yes
Saudi Arabia Flag
Saudi Arabia1.024267.10.9No
American Samoa Flag
American Samoa1.01132.71.0No
Switzerland Flag
Switzerland0.95621.41.1No
Northern Mariana Islands Flag
Northern Mariana Islands0.95669.20.8No
Ecuador Flag
Ecuador0.95466.40.7No
Iran Flag
Iran0.94086.00.7No
British Virgin Islands Flag
British Virgin Islands0.86658.40.7No
Finland Flag
Finland0.863146.20.7Yes
El Salvador Flag
El Salvador0.86112.50.6No
Slovenia Flag
Slovenia0.85838.40.8No
France Flag
France0.85632.91.3No
Bangladesh Flag
Bangladesh0.8343.30.5No
Denmark Flag
Denmark0.83432.20.7Yes
Albania Flag
Albania0.82439.00.6No
Costa Rica Flag
Costa Rica0.81539.40.7No
Hungary Flag
Hungary0.81336.00.8No
Tunisia Flag
Tunisia0.80950.90.6No
Turks and Caicos Islands Flag
Turks and Caicos Islands0.809137.50.6No
Montenegro Flag
Montenegro0.76176.90.7No
Romania Flag
Romania0.75743.00.6No
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Flag
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines0.75218.90.6No
Egypt Flag
Egypt0.74834.60.7No
Azerbaijan Flag
Azerbaijan0.72829.50.5No
Slovakia Flag
Slovakia0.72730.40.7No
Oman Flag
Oman0.722226.60.7No
Austria Flag
Austria0.71931.60.7No
Norway Flag
Norway0.712122.00.5Yes
Ghana Flag
Ghana0.68925.30.3No
Bosnia and Herzegovina Flag
Bosnia and Herzegovina0.67348.40.5No
Mexico Flag
Mexico0.66748.30.5No
Sweden Flag
Sweden0.66087.10.5Yes
China Flag
China0.63719.90.4No
Bulgaria Flag
Bulgaria0.63447.10.5No
Ireland Flag
Ireland0.62244.20.6No
Morocco Flag
Morocco0.58132.00.5No
Georgia Flag
Georgia0.55448.50.4No
Venezuela Flag
Venezuela0.53470.60.6No
Sri Lanka Flag
Sri Lanka0.5277.70.3No
Estonia Flag
Estonia0.48180.10.4Yes
Seychelles Flag
Seychelles0.47925.70.4No
Guatemala Flag
Guatemala0.47313.60.3No
Cape Verde Flag
Cape Verde0.46319.70.3No
Panama Flag
Panama0.46240.10.3No
Moldova Flag
Moldova0.43825.80.3No
Philippines Flag
Philippines0.4366.00.3No
Armenia Flag
Armenia0.42920.00.2No
Indonesia Flag
Indonesia0.42714.50.3No
Bahamas Flag
Bahamas0.42197.80.4No
Faroe Islands Flag
Faroe Islands0.38375.20.2Yes
Pakistan Flag
Pakistan0.3787.50.3No
Honduras Flag
Honduras0.36521.10.3No
Rwanda Flag
Rwanda0.3603.40.2No
Dominica Flag
Dominica0.34619.90.3No
Lithuania Flag
Lithuania0.33436.30.3Yes
Sao Tome and Principe Flag
Sao Tome and Principe0.3329.40.3No
Isle of Man Flag
Isle of Man0.32212.90.4No
Paraguay Flag
Paraguay0.31481.40.2No
Uruguay Flag
Uruguay0.31473.90.3No
Cuba Flag
Cuba0.30415.00.3No
Argentina Flag
Argentina0.30186.60.3No
Algeria Flag
Algeria0.29974.00.2No
Canada Flag
Canada0.29390.00.2Yes
Brazil Flag
Brazil0.29255.00.2No
Uzbekistan Flag
Uzbekistan0.29118.00.2No
South Africa Flag
South Africa0.28127.60.3No
Nepal Flag
Nepal0.2816.50.1No
Ivory Coast Flag
Ivory Coast0.27516.00.1No
Latvia Flag
Latvia0.26842.50.2Yes
Tonga Flag
Tonga0.26517.90.2No
Chile Flag
Chile0.26251.10.2No
Colombia Flag
Colombia0.26028.50.2No
Syria Flag
Syria0.25112.80.2No
Russia Flag
Russia0.24683.70.1Yes
Gambia Flag
Gambia0.2456.10.1No
Belarus Flag
Belarus0.24424.90.2No
Turkmenistan Flag
Turkmenistan0.24192.70.2No
Saint Pierre and Miquelon Flag
Saint Pierre and Miquelon0.23770.00.3No
Equatorial Guinea Flag
Equatorial Guinea0.23121.70.2No
Nigeria Flag
Nigeria0.2234.70.2No
Libya Flag
Libya0.207229.80.1No
Belize Flag
Belize0.20655.60.1No
Tajikistan Flag
Tajikistan0.20515.20.1No
Palau Flag
Palau0.19944.50.1No
Togo Flag
Togo0.1916.70.1No
Montserrat Flag
Montserrat0.19126.30.2No
Senegal Flag
Senegal0.1619.10.1No
Cambodia Flag
Cambodia0.1608.30.1No
Peru Flag
Peru0.15428.60.1No
Ukraine Flag
Ukraine0.1459.70.2No
Wallis and Futuna Flag
Wallis and Futuna0.14316.10.0No
Djibouti Flag
Djibouti0.14113.50.1No
New Zealand Flag
New Zealand0.14036.30.1No
New Caledonia Flag
New Caledonia0.14048.90.1No
Micronesia Flag
Micronesia0.1399.20.1No
Nicaragua Flag
Nicaragua0.12811.90.1No
Samoa Flag
Samoa0.1259.40.1No
Marshall Islands Flag
Marshall Islands0.12032.70.1No
French Polynesia Flag
French Polynesia0.11517.20.1No
Kenya Flag
Kenya0.1105.70.1No
Fiji Flag
Fiji0.10312.20.1No
Republic of the Congo Flag
Republic of the Congo0.10129.70.1No
Bhutan Flag
Bhutan0.10124.50.1No
Myanmar Flag
Myanmar0.0925.30.1No
Bolivia Flag
Bolivia0.09240.50.1No
Laos Flag
Laos0.09213.90.0No
Timor-Leste Flag
Timor-Leste0.0912.80.1No
Benin Flag
Benin0.0884.00.1No
Yemen Flag
Yemen0.0856.20.1No
Uganda Flag
Uganda0.0752.10.0No
Kazakhstan Flag
Kazakhstan0.07149.00.1No
Kyrgyzstan Flag
Kyrgyzstan0.07149.00.1No
Burundi Flag
Burundi0.0690.80.0No
Malawi Flag
Malawi0.0672.10.1No
Gabon Flag
Gabon0.06738.30.1No
Comoros Flag
Comoros0.0660.70.0No
Lesotho Flag
Lesotho0.0654.60.1No
Suriname Flag
Suriname0.06171.00.0No
Haiti Flag
Haiti0.0580.70.1No
Tanzania Flag
Tanzania0.0564.40.0No
Angola Flag
Angola0.05610.90.0No
Burkina Faso Flag
Burkina Faso0.0543.30.0No
North Korea Flag
North Korea0.0501.20.0No
Kiribati Flag
Kiribati0.0505.50.0No
Cameroon Flag
Cameroon0.0464.10.0No
Australia Flag
Australia0.04664.20.0No
Mozambique Flag
Mozambique0.0445.80.0No
Zimbabwe Flag
Zimbabwe0.0435.20.0No
Zambia Flag
Zambia0.0428.40.0No
Guinea Flag
Guinea0.0413.80.0No
Guyana Flag
Guyana0.03948.80.0No
French Guiana Flag
French Guiana0.03241.50.0No
Papua New Guinea Flag
Papua New Guinea0.0307.90.0No
Sudan Flag
Sudan0.0296.00.0No
Botswana Flag
Botswana0.02933.00.0No
Sierra Leone Flag
Sierra Leone0.0281.20.0No
Liberia Flag
Liberia0.0282.80.0No
Afghanistan Flag
Afghanistan0.0262.40.0No
Western Sahara Flag
Western Sahara0.02654.80.0No
Ethiopia Flag
Ethiopia0.0201.10.0No
Guinea-Bissau Flag
Guinea-Bissau0.0202.10.0No
Namibia Flag
Namibia0.01929.80.0No
Tokelau Flag
Tokelau0.0192.90.0No
Vanuatu Flag
Vanuatu0.0184.20.1No
Tuvalu Flag
Tuvalu0.0181.60.0No
Solomon Islands Flag
Solomon Islands0.0163.70.0No
DR Congo Flag
DR Congo0.0131.70.0No
Mali Flag
Mali0.0133.90.0No
Mongolia Flag
Mongolia0.01226.10.0No
Cook Islands Flag
Cook Islands0.0112.40.0No
Mauritania Flag
Mauritania0.01011.20.0No
Somalia Flag
Somalia0.0091.70.0No
Madagascar Flag
Madagascar0.0080.80.0No
Niger Flag
Niger0.0082.00.0No
Chad Flag
Chad0.0062.20.0No
Eritrea Flag
Eritrea0.0050.20.0No
Falkland Islands Flag
Falkland Islands0.005131.90.0No
South Sudan Flag
South Sudan0.0030.70.0No
Central African Republic Flag
Central African Republic0.0010.60.0No
Niue Flag
NiueNo
  • The amount of ambient light, or nighttime light pollution, in a country is expressed using the term “radiance”. Generally speaking, lower radiance indicates darker skies.
  • Values shown are derived by original source with the help of NASA’s Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) instrument.
  • Values shown are averages. Nightly light levels can be impacted by many factors, most notably the phase of the moon and the degree of cloud cover.
  • Per 1000 values are computed using each country’s 2019 population.
  • Radiance is typically expressed in watts per square centimeter per steradian (W/(cm^2 -sr)) or nano watts per square centimeter per steradian (nW/(cm^2 -sr)), which measure the amount of radiant energy reaching a given unit of area per unit of solid angle. Data shown below are expressed in nW/(cm^2 -sr)
  • Radiance in countries with a significant portion of territory about 55 degrees latitude may be heavily impacted by aurora borealis activity.
  • The tiny Pacific Island country Niue, which has the world’s lowest radiance (and lowest level of light pollution), was the first entire country to be officially declared an International Dark Sky Place by the International Dark-Sky Association (IDA), which happened in 2020.
  • By comparison, well-lit micronations such as Vatican City, Macau, and Monaco—all of which are essentially city-sized countries with no rural area—have the highest levels of country-wide light pollution in the world.