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Muslim Population

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Muslim Population by Country 2024

Snapshot

  • Islam, with over two billion followers, is the second-largest religion globally and projected to outnumber Christians by 2050.

  • Majority of Muslims reside in northern and central Africa, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia.

  • Islam includes major denominations like Sunni and Shi'a, and internal conflicts, particularly between these sects, have led to armed conflicts in several regions.

Muslims are followers of the religion Islam, who believe in and live by the teachings of the prophet Muhammad. There are more than two billion Muslims worldwide, making Islam the second-largest religion in the world, exceeded only by Christianity. In fact, many researchers project that Muslims will outnumber Christians by the year 2050.

Although Muslims can be found all over the world, the majority live in northern and central Africa, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia. Many countries in these regions are more than 90% Muslim, including Egypt, Afghanistan, Syria, Pakistan, Turkey, and Iran. Any country in which Muslims make up 50% or more of the population is considered a Muslim majority country.

The country with the largest number of Muslims overall is Indonesia, which is home to over 242 million Muslims. This is about 87% of the Indonesian population and 11.7% of the world’s total population of Muslims. In Indonesia, Islam can be broadly categorized into “modernism,” which follows orthodox theology while embracing modern learning, or “traditionalism,” which follows the interpretations of local religious leaders.

Top 10 Countries with the Largest Number of Muslims (2021):

Country
Muslim Population
Indonesia242,700,000
Pakistan240,760,000
India200,000,000
Bangladesh150,800,000
Nigeria97,000,000
Egypt90,000,000
Turkey84,400,000
Iran82,500,000
China50,000,000
Algeria43,737,096

While the previously mentioned countries possess the highest total number of Muslims, several smaller nations have larger percentages of Muslim inhabitants.

Top 10 Countries with the Highest Percentage of Muslims (2021):

Country
% Muslim
Maldives100%
Mauritania99.89%
Somalia99.8%
Afghanistan99.7%
Iran99.4%
Western Sahara99.4%
Yemen99.07%
Algeria99%
Morocco99%
Mayotte98.8%

*Note: At 99.4% Muslim, the disputed territory Western Sahara would rank at #8–but as it has not yet been recognized as a country by the United Nations, it was disqualified.

Many Westerners might be surprised to learn that Islam is an Abrahamic religion, meaning Muslims worship the same God as Christians, Jews, and the Bahá'í Faith—though obviously with significant differences in scripture, theology, doctrine, and application.

Just as Christianity encompasses multiple denominations (Catholic, Lutheran, Mormon, Baptist, etc.), Islam includes two major denominations: Sunni (75-90%) and Shi'a (10-13%), as well as a number of smaller branches. For example, Muslims in Indonesia are approximately 99% Sunni, 0.5% Shia, and 0.3% Ahmadi.

The division between Sunni and Shi'a is nearly as old as Islam itself, having stemmed from a disagreement in AD 632 about who should succeed Muhammad as the leader of the faith. In the centuries since that time, additional theological differences have arisen.

The tension between various Muslim groups, particularly Shi'a vs Sunni, has occasionally led to armed conflict and terrorist activity. Muslim extremists are responsible for insurgencies in several African nations, and violence between Muslim sects has escalated into full-blown civil war in countries including Iraq, Yemen, and Syria.

  • Muslim population censuses and estimates took place over a number of years (generally 2017-2019). As such, total populations shown have been matched to the year of the census data and will differ from current populations.
  • Countries whose Muslim populations are 1,000 or lower are listed with a placeholder population of 1,000. Because their precise Muslim populations are unclear, percentages have not been computed.

227 Rows

Country
Muslim Population
Total Pop. at Time of Count
% Muslim
% of World Muslims
Additional Details
Indonesia242,700,000275,000,00088.25%12.27%
Pakistan240,760,000249,600,00096.46%12.17%
India200,000,0001,370,000,00014.6%10.11%
Bangladesh150,800,000165,200,00091.28%7.62%
Nigeria97,000,000200,000,00048.5%4.9%
Population estimate is range: 95,000,000-97,000,000
Egypt90,000,00095,000,00094.74%4.55%
Population estimate is range: 85,000,000-90,000,000
Turkey84,400,00086,000,00098.14%4.27%
Population estimate is range: 78,000,000-84,400,000
Iran82,500,00083,000,00099.4%4.17%
China50,000,0001,390,000,0003.6%2.53%
Population estimate is range: 6,255,000-50,000,000
Algeria43,737,09644,178,88499%2.21%
Iraq39,653,44740,462,70198%2%
Population estimate is range: 38,439,566-39,653,447
Sudan38,585,77740,825,77094.51%1.95%
Afghanistan37,025,00037,135,00099.7%1.87%
Morocco36,370,84736,738,22999%1.84%
Ethiopia34,702,632110,871,03131.3%1.75%
Saudi Arabia31,535,00034,220,00092.15%1.59%
Uzbekistan29,920,00034,036,80087.9%1.51%
Yemen26,784,49827,036,82999.07%1.35%
Niger21,101,92621,466,86398.3%1.07%
Malaysia20,063,50032,730,00061.3%1.01%
Tanzania19,426,81454,199,16335.84%0.98%
Mali17,508,39818,429,89395%0.89%
Senegal17,421,19117,923,03697.2%0.88%
Russia16,000,000146,750,00010.9%0.81%
Population estimate is range: 14,000,000-16,000,000; Population estimate for Total Population is ran...
Syria15,000,00018,000,00083.33%0.76%
Burkina Faso13,513,84021,382,65963.2%0.68%
Kazakhstan13,158,67218,744,54870.2%0.67%
DR Congo12,792,15385,281,02415%0.65%
Philippines12,000,000109,000,00011.01%0.61%
Population estimate is range: 5,450,000-12,000,000
Ivory Coast11,265,78926,260,58242.9%0.57%
Somalia10,978,00011,000,00099.8%0.55%
Guinea10,563,17111,855,41189.1%0.53%
Tunisia10,190,00011,446,30089.02%0.52%
Jordan10,165,57710,458,41397.2%0.51%
Azerbaijan10,073,75810,353,29697.3%0.51%
Tajikistan9,253,0009,540,00096.99%0.47%
Chad9,183,20715,833,11658%0.46%
Cameroon7,692,28925,640,96530%0.39%
France6,700,00067,000,00010%0.34%
Libya6,551,8716,754,50797%0.33%
Ghana6,442,20532,372,88919.9%0.33%
United Arab Emirates6,251,6279,541,61565.52%0.32%
Sierra Leone6,067,7067,719,72978.6%0.31%
Kyrgyzstan5,850,0006,500,00090%0.3%
Population estimate is range: 5,200,000-5,850,000
Mozambique5,837,83930,888,03418.9%0.3%
Turkmenistan5,610,0006,031,18793.02%0.28%
Kenya5,500,00048,397,52711.36%0.28%
Uganda5,435,23438,823,10014%0.27%
Germany4,600,00083,100,0005.54%0.23%
Population estimate is range: 4,300,000-4,600,000
Palestine4,298,0004,780,97889.9%0.22%
Mauritania4,157,4254,161,92599.89%0.21%
Malawi3,968,51219,842,56020%0.2%
United Kingdom3,868,13366,040,2295.86%0.2%
Thailand3,640,00070,000,0005.2%0.18%
Lebanon3,567,2115,261,37267.8%0.18%
United States3,450,000327,827,0001.05%0.17%
Benin3,141,31911,340,50427.7%0.16%
Eritrea3,100,0006,000,00051.67%0.16%
Population estimate is range: 2,160,000-3,100,000
Italy2,987,84062,246,6744.8%0.15%
Madagascar2,568,36125,683,61010%0.13%
South Sudan2,464,68312,323,41920%0.12%
Oman2,427,0004,633,75252.38%0.12%
Myanmar2,391,76755,622,5064.3%0.12%
Gambia2,283,0802,413,40394.6%0.12%
Kuwait2,175,6842,916,46774.6%0.11%
Sri Lanka2,105,00021,700,0009.7%0.11%
Bosnia and Herzegovina1,955,0843,849,89150.78%0.1%
Albania1,797,6453,057,22058.8%0.09%
Canada1,775,71536,328,4804.89%0.09%
Togo1,593,0117,352,00021.67%0.08%
Qatar1,566,7862,450,28563.94%0.08%
Israel1,516,4828,424,90418%0.08%
Brazil1,500,000210,000,0000.71%0.08%
Population estimate is range: 35,167-1,500,000
Nepal1,292,90929,218,8674.42%0.07%
Burundi1,184,45211,844,52010%0.06%
Spain1,180,00046,659,3022.53%0.06%
Bahrain1,063,2391,442,65973.7%0.05%
South Africa1,050,00057,725,6001.82%0.05%
Liberia961,9534,809,76820%0.05%
Singapore915,1185,866,13915.6%0.05%
Guinea Bissau911,0231,976,18746.1%0.05%
Belgium879,37711,570,7627.6%0.04%
Central African Republic861,7595,745,06215%0.04%
Bulgaria861,0157,057,50412.2%0.04%
Djibouti857,496884,01797%0.04%
Australia813,39225,700,0003.16%0.04%
Comoros807,204821,16498.3%0.04%
Austria720,0009,000,0008%0.04%
North Macedonia705,6082,118,94533.3%0.04%
Sweden700,00010,182,2916.87%0.04%
Western Sahara599,633603,25399.4%0.03%
Rwanda576,05412,001,1364.8%0.03%
Georgia527,0914,926,08710.7%0.03%
Switzerland440,0008,492,9565.18%0.02%
Ukraine410,00042,263,8730.97%0.02%
Population estimate is range: 390,000-410,000
Argentina400,00044,694,1980.89%0.02%
Netherlands387,00017,400,0002.22%0.02%
Maldives374,775374,775100%0.02%
Brunei355,045450,56578.8%0.02%
Denmark313,7135,809,5025.4%0.02%
Greece313,40610,761,5232.91%0.02%
Population estimate is range: 215,230-313,406
Cambodia311,04415,552,2112%0.02%
Hong Kong295,7467,213,3384.1%0.01%
Cyprus275,0001,100,00025%0.01%
Mayotte253,439256,51898.8%0.01%
Mauritius236,0201,364,28317.3%0.01%
Gabon211,9032,119,03610%0.01%
Romania200,00019,524,0001.02%0.01%
Population estimate is range: 73,000-200,000
Japan185,000126,000,0000.15%0.01%
Norway175,5075,328,2123.29%0.01%
Zambia168,87716,887,7201%0.01%
Mongolia150,0003,103,4284.83%0.01%
Venezuela125,21631,304,0160.4%0.01%
Montenegro122,849614,24920%0.01%
Serbia121,4607,001,4441.73%0.01%
Republic of the Congo107,9975,399,8952%0.01%
Finland102,0005,537,3641.84%0.01%
Zimbabwe100,00014,000,0000.71%0.01%
Belarus100,0009,527,5431.05%0.01%
Population estimate is range: 45,000-100,000
Colombia96,33748,168,9960.2%0%
Vietnam96,16096,160,1630.1%0%
Angola90,00030,355,8800.3%0%
Suriname85,800600,00014.3%0%
Equatorial Guinea79,745797,45710%0%
Trinidad and Tobago78,0001,356,6335.75%0%
South Korea75,00051,635,2560.15%0%
Slovenia73,5682,066,8803.56%0%
Ireland70,9525,068,0501.4%0%
Portugal65,00010,291,0270.63%0%
Croatia64,0574,270,4801.5%0%
Taiwan60,00023,576,7050.25%0%
Hungary60,0009,825,7040.61%0%
Population estimate is range: 40,000-60,000
Fiji58,355926,2766.3%0%
Guyana55,000740,6857.43%0%
New Zealand41,0004,903,8000.84%0%
Reunion36,364865,8264.2%0%
Honduras30,0009,182,7660.33%0%
Panama25,0004,158,7830.6%0%
Czech Republic20,00010,686,2690.19%0%
Population estimate is range: 10,000-20,000
El Salvador18,0006,187,2710.29%0%
Moldova15,0003,437,7200.44%0%
Luxembourg15,000640,0002.34%0%
Malta11,675449,0432.6%0%
Cape Verde11,367568,3732%0%
Cuba11,11611,116,3960.1%0%
Slovakia10,8665,443,1200.2%0%
Namibia9,6542,413,6430.4%0%
Botswana8,9962,249,1040.4%0%
New Caledonia7,000278,5002.51%0%
Poland6,79638,430,0000.02%0%
Eswatini6,000300,0002%0%
Sao Tome and Principe5,931199,9102.97%0%
Jamaica5,6242,812,0900.2%0%
Mexico5,500127,000,0000%0%
Haiti5,00010,788,4400.05%0%
Barbados4,396293,1311.5%0%
Chile4,00017,925,2620.02%0%
North Korea3,00025,610,6720.01%0%
Lithuania3,0002,793,2840.11%0%
Lesotho3,0001,962,4610.15%0%
French Guiana2,400281,6120.85%0%
Andorra2,22885,7082.6%0%
Liechtenstein2,05038,0005.39%0%
Bolivia2,00011,306,3410.02%0%
Dominican Republic2,00010,298,7560.02%0%
Papua New Guinea2,0008,558,8000.02%0%
Latvia2,0001,923,5590.1%0%
Bhutan2,000766,3970.26%0%
Population estimate. Actual population may be lower.
Guadeloupe2,000402,1190.5%0%
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines2,000109,5571.83%0%
Estonia1,5081,244,2880.12%0%
Guatemala1,20016,581,2730.01%0%
Gibraltar1,15029,4613.9%0%
Armenia1,0383,038,2170.03%0%
Seychelles1,03694,2051.1%0%
Peru1,00031,237,3850%0%
Ecuador1,00016,498,5020%0%
Laos1,0007,234,1710%0%
Paraguay1,0007,052,9830%0%
Nicaragua1,0006,284,7570%0%
Costa Rica1,0004,987,1420%0%
Uruguay1,0003,505,9850%0%
Puerto Rico1,0003,337,1770%0%
Timor Leste1,0001,261,4070%0%
Solomon Islands1,000667,0440%0%
Macau1,000606,3400%0%
Belize1,000385,8540%0%
Bahamas1,000332,6340%0%
Iceland1,000343,5180%0%
Martinique1,000385,5510%0%
Vanuatu1,000304,5000%0%
French Polynesia1,000290,3730%0%
Samoa1,000199,0520%0%
Saint Lucia1,000178,8440%0%
Guam1,000167,7720%0%
Kiribati1,000109,3670%0%
Grenada1,000112,2070%0%
Micronesia1,000103,6430%0%
Aruba1,000116,5760%0%
Tonga1,000100,6510%0%
Antigua and Barbuda1,00095,8820%0%
United States Virgin Islands1,000104,9140%0%
Isle of Man1,00089,4070%0%
Cayman Islands1,00059,6130%0%
Dominica1,00074,0270%0%
Bermuda1,00071,1760%0%
Greenland1,00057,6910%0%
Faroe Islands1,00051,0180%0%
Saint Kitts and Nevis1,00046,2040%0%
American Samoa1,00050,8260%0%
Turks and Caicos Islands1,00037,9100%0%
Northern Mariana Islands1,00056,2000%0%
British Virgin Islands1,00035,8020%0%
Monaco1,00030,7270%0%
Marshall Islands1,00075,6840%0%
San Marino1,00033,3440%0%
Palau1,00017,9000%0%
Anguilla1,00017,4220%0%
Cook Islands1,0009,0380%0%
Nauru1,00010,0840%0%
Wallis and Futuna1,00015,7140%0%
Tuvalu1,00010,6400%0%
Saint Pierre and Miquelon1,0006,2860%0%
Montserrat1,0005,3150%0%
Falkland Islands1,0003,19831.27%0%
Tokelau1,0001,4990%0%
Niue1,0001,6110%0%
Total0%100%

Which country has the highest Muslim population?

Indonesia has the highest Muslim population in the world. An estimated 242,700,000 Muslims live in Indonesia.

Frequently Asked Questions

Sources