Poorest Countries in the World 2026

The poorest countries in the world are those where income per person remains exceptionally low compared with global norms. In this article, “poorest” refers to GDP per person, adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita, PPP), which better reflects real earning capacity than total economic output alone. Countries at the bottom of global income rankings often struggle with limited economic opportunities, slower productivity, and basic infrastructure gaps.

5 Poorest Countries in the World by Income

Based on GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power, the countries below represent the lowest income levels globally.

1. Burundi

Burundi is the world’s poorest country, with a GDP per capita, PPP of $950, as of 2024 data. Its population is growing at a rate of about 2.5%, making it one of the fastest-growing countries in the world; consequently, Burundi faces the threat of overpopulation. The country’s largest industry is agriculture, making up roughly one-third of its GDP and employing over 70% of the population. Despite this, about 40% of its people don’t have access to enough food, and overpopulation can exacerbate this. Burundi also struggles with limited education, widespread corruption, and warfare.

2. Central African Republic

The Central African Republic’s GDP per capita, PPP is $1,264, making it the second-poorest country. CAR is another country with a fast-growing population but a weak economy. Many citizens are subsistence farmers to take care of their families, and agriculture makes up over half of the country’s GDP. While timber and diamonds account for the majority of the country’s profits, its citizens do not see the money.

3. Somalia

Somalia is the world’s third-poorest country, with a GDP per capita, PPP of $1,601. Somalia’s population is also growing rapidly with a fertility rate of over 6 births per woman. This puts a strain on the country’s poor healthcare and instability. Somalia faces numerous other issues, such as poor governance, internal conflict, economic decline, and poverty. Most Somalis live below the poverty line.

4. Mozambique

Mozambique is the fourth-poorest country in the world, with a GDP per capita, PPP of $1,700. Mozambique consistently has one of the lowest Human Development Index (HDI) scores in the world. The HDI is a measurement of average achievement in human development, including indicators such as life expectancy, education, income, and more. The country has one of the world’s highest maternal mortality rates, most homes lack electricity or running water, and paved roads are uncommon.

5. Democratic Republic of the Congo

The Democratic Republic of the Congo has a GDP per capita, PPP of $1,710, making it the fifth-poorest country. DR Congo has one of the fastest-growing populations in the world. Its rapid population growth exacerbates its high rates of malnutrition, lack of modern healthcare, and poor education, in addition to facing political instability and conflict. The Democratic Republic of the Congo has one of the highest poverty rates in the world.