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World Risk Index 2024
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Natural Disasters by Country 2024
Natural Disasters as identified by the WorldRiskIndex is based on 100 indicators evaluating each country’s risk and frequency of natural disasters. Natural disasters in this survey include typical natural disasters including droughts, earthquakes, coastal flooding, cycloses, internal or riverine floods, tsunamis and a consistent rise in sea level. To create a consistent comparison between countries, both the number of individuals and their share of the population they make up are included to ensure accurate results.
The Locations With The Highest Risk of Natural Disaster
In general, according to the findings posted by the World Population Review, the two areas the most prone to natural disasters are the Pacific and Asia. The Philippines have the highest risk of natural disaster rating of 46.82. Natural hazards including the infamous typhoon belt, typically involve five to six cyclonic storms yearly. In addition, there are active volcanoes, landslides, tsunamis and destructive earthquakes that impact this area. Indonesia is not far behind in terms of their risk index with a rating of 41.46. This risk of natural disaster includes occasional flooding, volcanoes, earthquakes, and severe droughts. In fact, Indonesia has the most volcanoes of all countries in the world.
The Impact of Natural Disasters
According to the United Nations, a natural disaster includes not only the event itself but the after effects of the event and is specifically explained as “the consequences of events triggered by natural hazards that overwhelm local response capacity and seriously affect the social and economic development of a region.” Natural disasters tend to exacerbate existing issues that are plaguing countries such as economic strain and vulnerabilities of their citizens. In addition to the overall cost of rebuilding, a country that is already weak politically in their government makeup can cause further political instability after a natural disaster.
Increase in Natural Disasters
Overall, the sudden-onset and the frequency of natural disasters are reportedly increasing. Presently, there are 400 natural disasters each year, which impacts 200 million people. To put this number in perspective, this is nearly double the number of natural disasters that took place a mere 20 years ago. In particular, the events that are increasing the most involve hydrometeorological events, meaning droughts, tornados, mudslides, hurricanes, and floods. The cause of the uptick in these particular varieties of natural disasters is blamed on climate change, but regardless of the cause, the risk of these disasters has most certainly increased.
- As of the 2022 data year, the WorldRiskIndex comprises 100 indicators related to each country's risk, frequency, and ability to react to natural disasters, including earthquakes, cyclones, coastal floods, internal "riverine" floods, droughts, persistent sea-level rise, and tsunamis.
- Both the absolute number of exposed individuals and their share in the population are included to avoid distortions due to population size variances. For example, sea-level rise threatens 25.56% of Vanuatu's population, but only 0.56% of China's population. However, the two countries' populations are quite different, so in absolute terms, those percentages equate to 65,000 people in Vanuatu and nearly 8,000,000 people in China. Only by considering both data points can accurate exposure levels be calculated.
Country | World Risk Index 2024 | World Risk Index 2023 | World Risk Index 2022 | Possible Natural Hazards | Volcanism in Detail |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Philippines | 46.91 | 46.86 | 46.82 | Astride typhoon belt, usually affected by 15 and struck by five to six cyclonic storms each year; landslides; active volcanoes; destructive earthquakes; tsunamis | Significant Volcanic activity; Taal (311 m), which has shown recent unrest and may erupt in the near... |
| Indonesia | 41.13 | 43.5 | 41.46 | Occasional floods; severe droughts; tsunamis; earthquakes; volcanoes; forest fires | Indonesia contains the most volcanoes of any country in the world - some 76 are historically active;... |
| India | 40.96 | 41.52 | 42.31 | Droughts; flash floods, as well as widespread and destructive flooding from monsoonal rains; severe thunderstorms; earthquakes | Barren Island (354 m) in the Andaman Sea has been active in recent years |
| Colombia | 37.81 | 37.64 | 38.37 | Highlands subject to Volcanic eruptions; occasional earthquakes; periodic droughts | Galeras (4,276 m) is one of Colombia's most active volcanoes, having erupted in 2009 and 2010 causin... |
| Mexico | 35.93 | 38.17 | 37.55 | Tsunamis along the Pacific coast, volcanoes and destructive earthquakes in the center and south, and hurricanes on the Pacific, Gulf of Mexico, and Caribbean coasts | Volcanic activity in the central-southern part of the country; the volcanoes in Baja California are ... |
| Myanmar | 35.85 | 36.16 | 35.49 | Destructive earthquakes and cyclones; flooding and landslides common during the rainy season (June to September); periodic droughts | |
| Mozambique | 34.44 | 34.61 | 34.37 | Severe droughts; devastating cyclones and floods in central and southern provinces | |
| Russia | 28.12 | 28.2 | 26.54 | Permafrost over much of Siberia is a major impediment to development; Volcanic activity in the Kuril Islands; volcanoes and earthquakes on the Kamchatka Peninsula; spring floods and summer/autumn forest fires throughout Siberia and parts of European Russia | Significant Volcanic activity on the Kamchatka Peninsula and Kuril Islands; the peninsula alone is h... |
| Bangladesh | 27.73 | 27.29 | 27.9 | Droughts; cyclones; much of the country routinely inundated during the summer monsoon season | |
| Pakistan | 27.02 | 26.45 | 26.75 | Frequent earthquakes, occasionally severe especially in the north and west; flooding along the Indus after heavy rains (July and August) | |
| Peru | 27.01 | 25.55 | 25.41 | Earthquakes, tsunamis, flooding, landslides, mild Volcanic activity | Volcanic activity in the Andes Mountains; Ubinas (5,672 m), which last erupted in 2009, is the count... |
| Papua New Guinea | 26.35 | 26.3 | 24.1 | Active volcanism; the country is subject to frequent and sometimes severe earthquakes; mudslides; tsunamis | Severe Volcanic activity; Ulawun (2,334 m), one of Papua New Guinea's potentially most dangerous vol... |
| Madagascar | 24.8 | 23.59 | 23.48 | Periodic cyclones; drought; and locust infestation | Madagascar's volcanoes have not erupted in historical times |
| Somalia | 24.64 | 25.09 | 25.07 | Recurring droughts; frequent dust storms over eastern plains in summer; floods during the rainy season | |
| Yemen | 24.47 | 24.39 | 24.26 | Sandstorms and dust storms in summer | Limited Volcanic activity; Jebel at Tair (Jabal al-Tair, Jebel Teir, Jabal al-Tayr, Jazirat at-Tair)... |
| Vietnam | 24.24 | 24.39 | 25.85 | Occasional typhoons (May to January) with extensive flooding, especially in the Mekong River delta | |
| Venezuela | 24.2 | 23.47 | 22.45 | Subject to floods, rockslides, mudslides; periodic droughts | |
| Ecuador | 23.81 | 23.58 | 22.42 | Frequent earthquakes; landslides; Volcanic activity; floods; periodic droughts | Volcanic activity concentrated along the Andes Mountains; Sangay (5,230 m), which erupted in 2010, i... |
| United States | 22.56 | 22.47 | 22.73 | Tsunamis; volcanoes; earthquake activity around the Pacific Basin; hurricanes along the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts; tornadoes in the Midwest and Southeast; mudslides in California; forest fires in the west; flooding; permafrost in northern Alaska, a major impediment to development | Volcanic activity in the Hawaiian Islands, Western Alaska, the Pacific Northwest, and in the Norther... |
| Nicaragua | 21.94 | 21.76 | 22.35 | Destructive earthquakes; volcanoes; landslides; extremely susceptible to hurricanes | Significant Volcanic activity; Cerro Negro (728 m), which last erupted in 1999, is one of Nicaragua'... |
| Thailand | 21.7 | 21.09 | 20.91 | Land subsidence in the Bangkok area resulting from the depletion of the water table; droughts | |
| China | 21.31 | 27.1 | 28.7 | Frequent typhoons (about five per year along southern and eastern coasts); damaging floods; tsunamis; earthquakes; droughts; land subsidence | China contains some historically active volcanoes including Changbaishan (also known as Baitoushan, ... |
| Australia | 21.05 | 21.54 | 21.36 | Cyclones along the coast; severe droughts; forest fires | Volcanic activity on Heard and McDonald Islands |
| Japan | 20.94 | 20.86 | 17.03 | Many dormant and some active volcanoes; about 1,500 seismic occurrences (mostly tremors but occasional severe earthquakes) every year; tsunamis; typhoons | Both Unzen (1,500 m) and Sakura-jima (1,117 m), which lies near the densely populated city of Kagosh... |
| Canada | 18.89 | 19.17 | 18.99 | Continuous permafrost in the north is a serious obstacle to development; cyclonic storms form east of the Rocky Mountains, a result of the mixing of air masses from the Arctic, Pacific, and North American interior, and produce most of the country's rain and snow east of the mountains | The vast majority of volcanoes in Western Canada's Coast Mountains remain dormant |
| Egypt | 18.78 | 17.76 | 20.65 | Periodic droughts; frequent earthquakes; flash floods; landslides; hot, driving windstorms called khamsin occur in spring; dust storms; sandstorms | |
| Panama | 18.19 | 18.82 | 18.38 | Occasional severe storms and forest fires in the Darien area | |
| Iran | 17.47 | 19.72 | 18.48 | Periodic droughts, floods; dust storms, sandstorms; earthquakes | |
| Honduras | 16.81 | 16.79 | 16 | Frequent, but generally mild, earthquakes; extremely susceptible to damaging hurricanes and floods along the Caribbean coast | |
| Tanzania | 15.98 | 16.08 | 16.38 | Flooding on the central plateau during the rainy season; drought | Limited Volcanic activity; Ol Doinyo Lengai (2,962 m) has emitted lava in recent years; other histor... |
| El Salvador | 14.94 | 14.49 | 14.37 | Known as the Land of Volcanoes; frequent and sometimes destructive earthquakes and Volcanic activity; extremely susceptible to hurricanes | Significant Volcanic activity; San Salvador (1,893 m), which last erupted in 1917, has the potential... |
| Argentina | 14.81 | 14.88 | 15.61 | San Miguel de Tucumán and Mendoza areas in the Andes subject to earthquakes; pamperos are violent windstorms that can strike the pampas and northeast; heavy flooding in some areas | Volcanic activity in the Andes Mountains along the Chilean border; Copahue (2,997 m) last erupted in... |
| Solomon Islands | 14.74 | 14.82 | 14.62 | Tropical cyclones, but rarely destructive; geologically active region with frequent earthquakes, tremors, and Volcanic activity; tsunamis | Tinakula (851 m) has frequent eruption activity, while an eruption of Savo (485 m) could affect the ... |
| Malaysia | 14.5 | 14.04 | 14.36 | Flooding; landslides; forest fires | |
| Turkey | 14.48 | 16.17 | 16.23 | Severe earthquakes, especially in northern Turkey, along an arc extending from the Sea of Marmara to Lake Van; landslides; flooding | Limited Volcanic activity; its three historically active volcanoes; Ararat, Nemrut Dagi, and Tendure... |
| New Zealand | 14.34 | 14.04 | 13.05 | Earthquakes are common, though usually not severe; Volcanic activity | Significant volcanism on North Island; Ruapehu (2,797 m), which last erupted in 2007, has a history ... |
| Libya | 13.87 | 13.93 | 14.31 | Hot, dry, dust-laden ghibli is a southern wind lasting one to four days in spring and fall; dust storms, sandstorms | |
| Kenya | 13.79 | 13.71 | 13.92 | Recurring drought; flooding during rainy seasons | Limited Volcanic activity; the Barrier (1,032 m) last erupted in 1921; South Island is the only othe... |
| Chile | 13.74 | 14.06 | 13.84 | Severe earthquakes; active volcanism; tsunamis | Significant Volcanic activity due to more than three-dozen active volcanoes along the Andes Mountain... |
| Dominican Republic | 13.33 | 12.92 | 13.23 | Lies in the middle of the hurricane belt and subject to severe storms from June to October; occasional flooding; periodic droughts | |
| Brazil | 13.15 | 13.47 | 12.15 | Recurring droughts in the northeast; floods and occasional frost in the south | |
| Syria | 12.5 | 12.24 | 12.16 | Dust storms, sandstorms | Syria's two historically active volcanoes, Es Safa and an unnamed volcano near the Turkish border ha... |
| North Korea | 12.38 | 12.75 | 11.82 | Late spring droughts often followed by severe flooding; occasional typhoons during the early fall | P'aektu-san (2,744 m) (also known as Baitoushan, Baegdu, or Changbaishan), on the Chinese border, is... |
| Guatemala | 11.76 | 11.71 | 11.18 | Numerous volcanoes in mountains, with occasional violent earthquakes; Caribbean coast extremely susceptible to hurricanes and other tropical storms | Significant Volcanic activity in the Sierra Madre range; Santa Maria (3,772 m) has been deemed a Dec... |
| Vanuatu | 11.58 | 10.9 | 10.64 | Tropical cyclones (January to April); Volcanic eruption on Aoba (Ambae) island began on 27 November 2005, volcanism also causes minor earthquakes; tsunamis | Significant Volcanic activity with multiple eruptions in recent years; Yasur (361 m), one of the wor... |
| Cameroon | 11.4 | 11.15 | 11.17 | Volcanic activity with periodic releases of poisonous gases from Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun volcanoes | Mt. Cameroon (4,095 m), which last erupted in 2000, is the most frequently active volcano in West Af... |
| Costa Rica | 11.17 | 12.48 | 14.2 | Occasional earthquakes, hurricanes along Atlantic coast; frequent flooding of lowlands at the onset of the rainy season and landslides; active volcanoes | Arenal (1,670 m), which erupted in 2010, is the most active volcano in Costa Rica; a 1968 eruption d... |
| Italy | 11.11 | 9.97 | 9.37 | Regional risks include landslides, mudflows, avalanches, earthquakes, Volcanic eruptions, flooding; land subsidence in Venice | Significant Volcanic activity; Etna (3,330 m), which is in eruption as of 2010, is Europe's most act... |
| Djibouti | 10.82 | 10.68 | 10.66 | Earthquakes; droughts; occasional cyclonic disturbances from the Indian Ocean bring heavy rains and flash floods | Experiences limited Volcanic activity; Ardoukoba (298 m) last erupted in 1978; Manda-Inakir, located... |
| South Korea | 10.59 | 10.84 | 10.51 | Occasional typhoons bring high winds and floods; low-level seismic activity is common in the southwest | Halla (1,950 m) is considered historically active although it has not erupted in many centuries |
| Morocco | 10.43 | 9.96 | 10.29 | In the north, the mountains are geologically unstable and subject to earthquakes; periodic droughts; windstorms; flash floods; landslides; in the south, a hot, dry, dust/sand-laden sirocco wind can occur during winter and spring; widespread harmattan haze exists 60% of the time, often severely restricting visibility | |
| Angola | 10.42 | 11.04 | 11.02 | Locally heavy rainfall causes periodic flooding on the plateau | |
| Sudan | 10.3 | 10.27 | 10.12 | Dust storms and periodic persistent droughts | |
| Haiti | 9.96 | 9.67 | 9.99 | Lies in the middle of the hurricane belt and subject to severe storms from June to October; occasional flooding and earthquakes; periodic droughts | |
| Tunisia | 9.91 | 9.47 | 9.87 | Flooding; earthquakes; droughts | |
| DR Congo | 9.87 | 9.73 | 9.65 | Periodic droughts in the south; Congo River floods (seasonal); active volcanoes in the east along the Great Rift Valley | Nyiragongo (3,470 m), which erupted in 2002 and is experiencing ongoing activity, poses a major thre... |
| Spain | 9.74 | 9.64 | 9.68 | Periodic droughts, occasional flooding | |
| Algeria | 9.64 | 9.52 | 9.58 | Mountainous areas subject to severe earthquakes; mudslides and floods in the rainy season; droughts | |
| South Africa | 9.6 | 9.14 | 9.42 | Prolonged droughts | The volcano forming Marion Island in the Prince Edward Islands, which last erupted in 2004, is South... |
| Saudi Arabia | 9.34 | 8.76 | 9.64 | Frequent sand and dust storms | Despite many Volcanic formations, there has been little activity in the past few centuries; volcanoe... |
| Nigeria | 9.33 | 9.17 | 9.12 | Periodic droughts; flooding | |
| Mauritania | 9.32 | 9.01 | 9.34 | Hot, dry, dust/sand-laden sirocco wind primarily in March and April; periodic droughts | |
| Iraq | 9.24 | 9.23 | 8.65 | Dust storms; sandstorms; floods | |
| Greece | 8.61 | 8.58 | 8.55 | Severe earthquakes | Santorini (367 m) has been deemed a Decade Volcano by the International Association of Volcanology a... |
| Cambodia | 8.15 | 8.19 | 8.42 | Monsoonal rains (June to November); flooding; occasional droughts | |
| Oman | 8.06 | 7.53 | 7.27 | Summer winds often raise large sandstorms and dust storms in the interior; periodic droughts | |
| Belize | 7.97 | 7.61 | 7.65 | Frequent, devastating hurricanes (June to November) and coastal flooding (especially in the south) | |
| Cuba | 7.8 | 7.76 | 7.97 | The east coast is subject to hurricanes from August to November (in general, the country averages about one hurricane every other year); droughts are common | |
| Timor Leste | 7.55 | 7.79 | 7.97 | Floods and landslides are common; earthquakes; tsunamis; tropical cyclones | |
| France | 7.54 | 7.39 | 6.67 | Metropolitan France: flooding; avalanches; midwinter windstorms; drought; forest fires in the south near the Mediterranean Overseas departments: hurricanes (cyclones); flooding | Montagne Pelee (1,394 m) on the island of Martinique in the Caribbean is the most active volcano of ... |
| Eritrea | 7.47 | 7.58 | 7.7 | Frequent droughts, rare earthquakes and volcanoes; locust swarms | Dubbi (1,625 m), which last erupted in 1861, was the country's only historically active volcano unti... |
| Guyana | 7.35 | 8.13 | 6.64 | Flash flood threat during rainy seasons | |
| Suriname | 6.76 | 6.72 | 4.87 | Flooding | |
| Fiji | 6.7 | 6.41 | 6.54 | Cyclonic storms can occur from November to January | |
| Guinea | 6.55 | 6.86 | 6.84 | Very large tidal variation and fast currents can make local waters dangerous | |
| Albania | 6.24 | 6.23 | 4.98 | Destructive earthquakes; tsunamis occur along southwestern coast; floods; drought | |
| Sri Lanka | 6.16 | 5.92 | 5.93 | Occasional cyclones and tornadoes | |
| Sierra Leone | 5.72 | 5.32 | 5 | Dry, sand-laden harmattan winds blow from the Sahara (December to February); sandstorms, dust storms | |
| United Kingdom | 5.7 | 5.66 | 5.78 | Winter windstorms; floods | |
| Senegal | 5.66 | 5.49 | 5.42 | Lowlands seasonally flooded; periodic droughts | |
| Republic of the Congo | 5.49 | 5.24 | 4.85 | Seasonal flooding | |
| Namibia | 5.4 | 5.68 | 5.93 | Prolonged periods of drought | |
| Belgium | 5.1 | 5.83 | 4.16 | Flooding is a threat along rivers and in areas of reclaimed coastal land, protected from the sea by concrete dikes | |
| Portugal | 5.08 | 5.32 | 5.08 | Azores subject to severe earthquakes | Limited Volcanic activity in the Azores Islands; Fayal or Faial (1,043 m) last erupted in 1958; most... |
| Gabon | 5.08 | 4.52 | 4.72 | None | |
| Uruguay | 4.97 | 4.8 | 4.92 | Seasonally high winds (the pampero is a chilly and occasional violent wind that blows north from the Argentine pampas), droughts, floods; because of the absence of mountains, which act as weather barriers, all locations are particularly vulnerable to rapid changes from weather fronts | |
| Gambia | 4.89 | 4.85 | 4.45 | Droughts | |
| Ethiopia | 4.86 | 4.85 | 4.8 | Geologically active Great Rift Valley susceptible to earthquakes, Volcanic eruptions; frequent droughts | Volcanic activity in the Great Rift Valley; Erta Ale (613 m), which has caused frequent lava flows i... |
| Bahamas | 4.82 | 4.78 | 3.75 | Hurricanes and other tropical storms cause extensive flood and wind damage | |
| Croatia | 4.78 | 4.77 | 4.86 | Destructive earthquakes | |
| Poland | 4.74 | 4.22 | 4.63 | Flooding | |
| United Arab Emirates | 4.54 | 4.97 | 6.52 | Frequent sand and dust storms | |
| Micronesia | 4.44 | 4.37 | 4.36 | Typhoons (June to December) | |
| Ukraine | 4.41 | 4.02 | 3.89 | Occasional floods; occasional droughts | |
| South Sudan | 4.25 | 4.25 | 4.21 | ||
| Afghanistan | 4.12 | 4.02 | 4.05 | Damaging earthquakes occur in the Hindu Kush mountains; flooding; droughts | |
| Netherlands | 4.11 | 4.32 | 4.04 | Flooding | Mount Scenery (887 m), located on the island of Saba in the Caribbean, last erupted in 1640; Round H... |
| Germany | 4.1 | 4.3 | 3.92 | Flooding | |
| Tonga | 4.02 | 3.77 | 3.94 | Cyclones (October to April); earthquakes and Volcanic activity on Fonuafo'ou | Moderate Volcanic activity; Fonualei (180 m) has shown frequent activity in recent years, while Niua... |
| Lebanon | 3.87 | 3.86 | 3.52 | Earthquakes; dust storms, sandstorms | |
| Israel | 3.81 | 3.93 | 4.65 | Sandstorms may occur during spring and summer; droughts; periodic earthquakes | |
| Georgia | 3.74 | 3.69 | 3.79 | Earthquakes | |
| Jordan | 3.61 | 3.65 | 3.48 | Droughts; periodic earthquakes; flash floods | |
| Mauritius | 3.58 | 3.6 | 3.5 | Cyclones (November to April); almost completely surrounded by reefs that may pose maritime hazards | |
| Guinea Bissau | 3.55 | 4.13 | 4.14 | Hot, dry, dusty harmattan haze may reduce visibility during the dry season; brush fires | |
| Cyprus | 3.5 | 3.56 | 2.78 | Moderate earthquake activity; droughts | |
| Central African Republic | 3.44 | 3.36 | 3.34 | Hot, dry, dusty harmattan winds affect northern areas; floods are common | |
| Jamaica | 3.4 | 3.84 | 4.65 | Hurricanes (especially July to November) | |
| Malawi | 3.37 | 3.17 | 3.3 | Flooding; droughts; earthquakes | |
| Equatorial Guinea | 3.25 | 3.37 | 3.36 | Violent windstorms; flash floods | Santa Isabel (3,007 m), which last erupted in 1923, is the country's only historically active volcan... |
| Sweden | 3.23 | 2.72 | 2.06 | Ice floes in the surrounding waters, especially in the Gulf of Bothnia, can interfere with maritime traffic | |
| Samoa | 3.23 | 2.94 | 3.15 | Occasional cyclones; active volcanism | Savai'I Island (1,858 m), which last erupted in 1911, is historically active |
| Romania | 3.22 | 3.33 | 3.19 | Earthquakes, most severe in the south and southwest; geologic structure and climate promote landslides | |
| Bolivia | 3.2 | 2.98 | 3.07 | Flooding in the northeast (March to April) | Volcanic activity in Andes Mountains on the border with Chile; historically active volcanoes in this... |
| Marshall Islands | 3.12 | 2.69 | 2.29 | Infrequent typhoons | |
| Liberia | 3.11 | 2.99 | 4.11 | Dust-laden harmattan winds blow from the Sahara (December to March) | |
| Laos | 3.03 | 2.79 | 2.91 | Floods, droughts | |
| Burundi | 3.02 | 3.03 | 3.03 | Flooding; landslides; drought | |
| Latvia | 3.01 | 2.74 | 2.14 | Large percentage of agricultural fields can become waterlogged and require drainage | |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 3 | 2.98 | 2.93 | Outside the usual path of hurricanes and other tropical storms | |
| Ghana | 2.94 | 2.99 | 3.05 | Dry, dusty, northeastern harmattan winds from January to March; droughts | |
| Chad | 2.94 | 2.9 | 2.92 | Hot, dry, dusty harmattan winds occur in the north; periodic droughts; locust plagues | |
| Zambia | 2.93 | 2.94 | 2.94 | Periodic drought; tropical storms (November to April) | |
| Montenegro | 2.9 | 3.13 | 3.3 | Destructive earthquakes | |
| Antigua and Barbuda | 2.9 | 3.51 | 3.84 | Hurricanes and tropical storms (July to October); periodic droughts | |
| Saint Lucia | 2.83 | 2.45 | 2.69 | Hurricanes | Mount Gimie (948 m), also known as Qualibou, is a caldera on the west of the island; the iconic twin... |
| Uganda | 2.81 | 2.8 | 2.81 | Droughts; floods; earthquakes; landslides; hailstorms | |
| Kiribati | 2.81 | 2.75 | 2.64 | Typhoons can occur any time, but usually November to March; occasional tornadoes; low level of some of the islands make them sensitive to changes in sea level | |
| Kuwait | 2.77 | 2.88 | 2.56 | Sudden cloudbursts are common from October to April and bring heavy rain, which can damage roads and houses; sandstorms and dust storms occur throughout the year but are most common between March and August | |
| Nepal | 2.71 | 2.57 | 2.62 | Severe thunderstorms; flooding; landslides; drought and famine depending on the timing, intensity, and duration of the summer monsoons | |
| Dominica | 2.69 | 3.01 | 3.27 | Flash floods are a constant threat; destructive hurricanes can be expected during the late summer months | Dominica was the last island to be formed in the Caribbean some 26 million years ago, it lies in the... |
| Comoros | 2.68 | 2.73 | 2.56 | Cyclones possible during the rainy season (December to April); Volcanic activity on Grand Comore | Karthala (2,361 m) on Grand Comore Island last erupted in 2007; a 2005 eruption forced thousands of ... |
| Rwanda | 2.63 | 2.69 | 2.7 | Periodic droughts; the Volcanic Virunga Mountains are in the northwest along the border with the Democratic Republic of the Congo | Visoke (3,711 m), located on the border with the Democratic Republic of the Congo, is the country's ... |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 2.63 | 2.42 | 2.3 | Hurricanes; La Soufriere volcano on the island of Saint Vincent is a constant threat | La Soufriere (1,234 m) on the island of Saint Vincent last erupted in 1979; the island of Saint Vinc... |
| Zimbabwe | 2.62 | 2.52 | 2.44 | Recurring droughts; floods and severe storms are rare | |
| Norway | 2.61 | 2.89 | 3.16 | Rockslides, avalanches | Beerenberg (2,227 m) on Jan Mayen Island in the Norwegian Sea is the country's only active volcano |
| Armenia | 2.61 | 2.61 | 2.72 | Occasionally severe earthquakes; droughts | |
| Seychelles | 2.57 | 2.76 | 2.54 | Lies outside the cyclone belt, so severe storms are rare; occasional short droughts | |
| Ireland | 2.55 | 3.25 | 3.1 | Rare extreme weather events | |
| Kyrgyzstan | 2.53 | 2.42 | 2.2 | Major flooding during snowmelt; prone to earthquakes | |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 2.49 | 2.63 | 2.51 | Destructive earthquakes | |
| Barbados | 2.46 | 2.58 | 2.06 | Infrequent hurricanes; periodic landslides | |
| Bulgaria | 2.43 | 2.4 | 2.15 | Earthquakes; landslides | |
| Tajikistan | 2.36 | 2.47 | 2.38 | Earthquakes; floods | |
| Lithuania | 2.32 | 2.31 | 2.24 | Occasional floods, droughts | |
| Mali | 2.29 | 2.31 | 2.25 | Tsunamis; low elevation of islands makes them sensitive to sea level rise | |
| Azerbaijan | 2.23 | 2.09 | 2.2 | Droughts | |
| Niger | 2.16 | 2.16 | 2.17 | Recurring droughts | |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | 2.14 | 2.33 | 2.07 | Hurricanes (July to October) | Mount Liamuiga (1,156 m) on Saint Kitts, and Nevis Peak (985 m) on Nevis, are both volcanoes that ar... |
| Slovenia | 2.1 | 1.96 | 1.44 | Flooding; earthquakes | |
| Ivory Coast | 2.02 | 1.86 | 2.08 | Coast has heavy surf and no natural harbors; during the rainy season torrential flooding is possible | |
| Palau | 2.02 | 2.21 | 1.25 | Typhoons (June to December) | |
| Burkina Faso | 2.01 | 2.01 | 2.06 | Recurring droughts | |
| Iceland | 2.01 | 1.81 | 1.65 | Earthquakes and Volcanic activity | Iceland, situated on top of a hotspot, experiences severe Volcanic activity; Eyjafjallajokull (1,666... |
| Mongolia | 1.95 | 2.11 | 2.08 | Dust storms; grassland and forest fires; drought; "zud," which is harsh winter conditions | |
| Kazakhstan | 1.94 | 2.15 | 2.18 | Earthquakes in the south; mudslides around Almaty | |
| Eswatini | 1.93 | 1.97 | 1.82 | Drought | |
| Grenada | 1.82 | 1.85 | 1.85 | Lies on the edge of the hurricane belt; hurricane season lasts from June to November | Mount Saint Catherine (840 m) lies on the island of Grenada; Kick 'em Jenny, an active submarine vol... |
| Benin | 1.77 | 1.6 | 1.61 | Hot, dry, dusty harmattan wind may affect the north from December to March | |
| Estonia | 1.77 | 1.84 | 1.82 | Sometimes flooding occurs in the spring | |
| Serbia | 1.68 | 1.75 | 1.84 | Destructive earthquakes | |
| Paraguay | 1.65 | 1.68 | 1.74 | Local flooding in the southeast (early September to June); poorly drained plains may become boggy (early October to June) | |
| Togo | 1.58 | 1.45 | 1.32 | Hot, dry harmattan wind can reduce visibility in the north during winter; periodic droughts | |
| Finland | 1.54 | 1.43 | 1.3 | Severe winters in the north | |
| Tuvalu | 1.53 | 1.42 | 1.46 | Severe tropical storms are usually rare, but in 1997 there were three cyclones; low levels of islands make them sensitive to changes in sea level | |
| Uzbekistan | 1.52 | 1.52 | 1.74 | Earthquakes; floods; landslides or mudslides; avalanches; droughts | |
| Botswana | 1.34 | 1.35 | 1.44 | Periodic droughts; seasonal August winds blow from the west, carrying sand and dust across the country, which can obscure visibility | |
| Lesotho | 1.33 | 1.38 | 1.32 | Periodic droughts | |
| Moldova | 1.29 | 1.33 | 1.3 | Landslides | |
| North Macedonia | 1.29 | 1.3 | 1.26 | High seismic risks | |
| Brunei | 1.29 | 1.3 | 1.34 | Typhoons, earthquakes, and severe flooding are rare | |
| Turkmenistan | 1.25 | 1.33 | 1.29 | Earthquakes; mudslides; droughts; dust storms; floods | |
| Bhutan | 1.18 | 1.21 | 1.09 | Violent storms from the Himalayas are the source of the country's Bhutanese name, which translates as Land of the Thunder Dragon; frequent landslides during the rainy season | |
| Cape Verde | 1.17 | 1.18 | 1.27 | Prolonged droughts; seasonal harmattan wind produces obscuring dust; volcanically and seismically active | Fogo (2,829 m), which last erupted in 1995, is Cabo Verde's only active volcano |
| Austria | 1.16 | 1.15 | 1.14 | Landslides; avalanches; earthquakes | |
| Maldives | 1.11 | 1.19 | 1.02 | Tsunamis; low elevation of islands makes them sensitive to sea level rise | |
| Czech Republic | 1.09 | 1.12 | 1 | Flooding | |
| Switzerland | 1.05 | 1.02 | 1.03 | Avalanches, landslides; flash floods | |
| Slovakia | 1.03 | 0.95 | 1 | Flooding | |
| Malta | 1.03 | 0.88 | 0.94 | Occasional droughts | |
| Nauru | 1.02 | 1 | 1 | Periodic droughts | |
| Denmark | 0.98 | 0.99 | 1.03 | Flooding is a threat in some areas of the country (eg, parts of Jutland, along the southern coast of the island of Lolland) that are protected from the sea by a system of dikes | |
| Hungary | 0.95 | 0.94 | 0.97 | ||
| Qatar | 0.94 | 1.15 | 1.17 | Haze, dust storms, sandstorms common | |
| Bahrain | 0.94 | 0.87 | 0.95 | Periodic droughts; dust storms | |
| Singapore | 0.8 | 0.63 | 0.81 | Flash floods | |
| Belarus | 0.76 | 0.75 | 0.83 | Large tracts of marshy land | |
| Liechtenstein | 0.71 | 0.72 | 0.79 | Avalanches, landslides | |
| Sao Tome and Principe | 0.67 | 0.67 | 0.48 | Flooding | |
| Luxembourg | 0.61 | 0.64 | 0.52 | Occasional flooding | |
| San Marino | 0.35 | 0.36 | 0.38 | Occasional earthquakes | |
| Andorra | 0.28 | 0.22 | 0.26 | Avalanches | |
| Monaco | 0.18 | 0.24 | 0.26 | None | |
| Taiwan | Earthquakes; typhoons | Kueishantao Island (401 m), east of Taiwan, is its only historically active volcano, although it has... | |||
| Hong Kong | Occasional typhoons | ||||
| Palestine | Droughts | ||||
| Puerto Rico | Periodic droughts; hurricanes | ||||
| Macau | Typhoons | ||||
| New Caledonia | Cyclones, most frequent from November to March | Matthew and Hunter Islands are historically active | |||
| French Polynesia | Occasional cyclonic storms in January | ||||
| Curacao | Curacao is south of the Caribbean hurricane belt and is rarely threatened | ||||
| Guam | Frequent squalls during rainy season; relatively rare but potentially destructive typhoons (June to December) | ||||
| Aruba | Hurricanes; lies outside the Caribbean hurricane belt and is rarely threatened | ||||
| Jersey | Very large tidal variation can be hazardous to navigation | ||||
| United States Virgin Islands | Several hurricanes in recent years; frequent and severe droughts and floods; occasional earthquakes | ||||
| Cayman Islands | Hurricanes (July to November) | ||||
| Bermuda | Hurricanes (June to November) | ||||
| Guernsey | Very large tidal variation and fast currents can make local waters dangerous | ||||
| Greenland | Continuous permafrost over the northern two-thirds of the island | ||||
| Faroe Islands | Strong winds and heavy rains can occur throughout the year | ||||
| American Samoa | Cyclones common from December to March | Limited volcanic activity on the Ofu and Olosega Islands; neither has erupted since the 19th century | |||
| Turks and Caicos Islands | Frequent hurricanes | ||||
| Northern Mariana Islands | Active volcanoes on Pagan and Agrihan; typhoons (especially August to November) | ||||
| Sint Maarten | Subject to hurricanes from July to November | ||||
| British Virgin Islands | Hurricanes and tropical storms (July to October) | ||||
| Saint Martin | Subject to hurricanes from July to November | ||||
| Anguilla | Frequent hurricanes and other tropical storms (July to October) | ||||
| Cook Islands | Tropical cyclones (November to March) | ||||
| Wallis and Futuna | Cyclones, tsunamis | ||||
| Saint Pierre and Miquelon | Persistent fog throughout the year can be a maritime hazard | ||||
| Montserrat | Volcanic eruptions; severe hurricanes (June to November) | Soufriere Hills volcano (915 m), has erupted continuously since 1995; a massive eruption in 1997 des... | |||
| Falkland Islands | Strong winds persist throughout the year | ||||
| Tokelau | Lies in Pacific cyclone belt | ||||
| Niue | Tropical cyclones | ||||
| Vatican City | Occasional earthquakes |