| City | Rank | 2026 Pop. ↓ | 2020 Pop. | Annual Change | Density (/mi²) | Area (mi²) | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Olean | 1 | 13,425 | 13,901 | -0.61% | 2,275 | 6 | City |
| Allegany | 2 | 7,580 | 7,488 | 1.28% | 107 | 71 | Town |
| Salamanca | 3 | 5,672 | 5,933 | -0.82% | 946 | 6 | City |
| Yorkshire | 4 | 3,725 | 3,826 | -0.21% | 101 | 37 | Town |
| Portville | 5 | 3,340 | 3,494 | -0.57% | 94 | 36 | Town |
| Franklinville | 6 | 2,704 | 2,803 | -0.41% | 52 | 52 | Town |
| Gowanda | 7 | 2,431 | 2,508 | -0.53% | 1,526 | 2 | Village |
| Randolph | 8 | 2,403 | 2,469 | -0.08% | 67 | 36 | Town |
| Machias | 9 | 2,300 | 2,308 | 0.26% | 57 | 40 | Town |
| Freedom | 10 | 2,188 | 2,259 | -0.36% | 54 | 40 | Town |
| Persia | 11 | 2,127 | 2,199 | -0.51% | 102 | 21 | Town |
| Hinsdale | 12 | 2,098 | 2,116 | 0.05% | 54 | 39 | Town |
| Great Valley | 13 | 1,927 | 1,984 | -0.31% | 38 | 50 | Town |
| New Albion | 14 | 1,922 | 1,978 | -0.16% | 53 | 36 | Town |
| Ashford | 15 | 1,915 | 1,967 | -0.16% | 37 | 51 | Town |
| Olean | 16 | 1,838 | 1,895 | -0.43% | 62 | 30 | Town |
| Conewango | 17 | 1,732 | 1,787 | -0.12% | 48 | 36 | Town |
| Little Valley | 18 | 1,678 | 1,664 | 0.24% | 56 | 30 | Town |
| Dayton | 19 | 1,636 | 1,686 | -0.06% | 46 | 36 | Town |
| Franklinville | 20 | 1,617 | 1,701 | -0.92% | 1,470 | 1 | Village |
| Allegany | 21 | 1,607 | 1,638 | -0.5% | 2,074 | 1 | Village |
| Perrysburg | 22 | 1,478 | 1,524 | -0.34% | 52 | 28 | Town |
| Ellicottville | 23 | 1,298 | 1,307 | 0% | 29 | 45 | Town |
| Leon | 24 | 1,264 | 1,249 | 0.4% | 35 | 36 | Town |
| Napoli | 25 | 1,206 | 1,170 | 0.42% | 33 | 36 | Town |
| Carrollton | 26 | 1,169 | 1,209 | -0.43% | 28 | 42 | Town |
| Farmersville | 27 | 1,085 | 1,076 | 1.12% | 23 | 48 | Town |
| Little Valley | 28 | 1,077 | 1,069 | 0% | 1,075 | 1 | Village |
| Delevan | 29 | 1,014 | 1,060 | -0.88% | 1,020 | 1 | Village |
| East Otto | 30 | 947 | 974 | -0.42% | 23 | 41 | Town |
| Cattaraugus | 31 | 942 | 990 | -0.95% | 843 | 1 | Village |
| Portville | 32 | 867 | 911 | -0.91% | 1,081 | 1 | Village |
| Mansfield | 33 | 853 | 840 | 0.35% | 22 | 40 | Town |
| Otto | 34 | 784 | 778 | 0.38% | 24 | 32 | Town |
| Ischua | 35 | 725 | 732 | 0.28% | 22 | 32 | Town |
| Humphrey | 36 | 689 | 700 | 0% | 19 | 37 | Town |
| Lyndon | 37 | 676 | 684 | -0.29% | 20 | 33 | Town |
| Coldspring | 38 | 653 | 660 | 0.15% | 13 | 51 | Town |
| South Dayton | 39 | 540 | 565 | -0.92% | 537 | 1 | Village |
| Salamanca | 40 | 463 | 472 | 0.22% | 25 | 18 | Town |
| Ellicottville | 41 | 282 | 283 | -0.35% | 344 | 1 | Village |
| South Valley | 42 | 244 | 250 | 0% | 7.0 | 37 | Town |
| Red House | 43 | 29 | 30 | 0% | 1.0 | 56 | Town |
Olean is the largest city in Cattaraugus County, with a population of 13,425.
Red House is the smallest city in Cattaraugus County, with a population of 29.
There are 43 cities in Cattaraugus County, New York.