| City | Rank | 2026 Pop. ↓ | 2020 Pop. | Annual Change | Density (/mi²) | Area (mi²) | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fulton | 1 | 12,866 | 12,604 | 0.1% | 1,044 | 12 | City |
| Holts Summit | 2 | 4,831 | 4,448 | 1.22% | 1,304 | 4 | City |
| Wardsville | 3 | 1,678 | 1,605 | 0.66% | 484 | 3 | Village |
| Taos | 4 | 1,183 | 1,133 | 0.68% | 184 | 6 | City |
| Auxvasse | 5 | 1,033 | 1,003 | 0.39% | 1,368 | 1 | City |
| New Bloomfield | 6 | 761 | 682 | 1.87% | 480 | 2 | City |
| Mokane | 7 | 188 | 185 | 0% | 642 | 0 | City |
| Kingdom City | 8 | 136 | 130 | 0.74% | 70 | 2 | Village |
Fulton is the largest city in Callaway County, with a population of 12,866.
Kingdom City is the smallest city in Callaway County, with a population of 136.
There are 8 cities in Callaway County, Missouri.