| City | Rank | 2026 Pop. ↓ | 2020 Pop. | Annual Change | Density (/mi²) | Area (mi²) | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jefferson City | 1 | 42,529 | 42,528 | 0.09% | 1,179 | 36 | City |
| St. Martins | 2 | 1,250 | 1,195 | 0.64% | 645 | 2 | City |
| Russellville | 3 | 810 | 779 | 0.5% | 930 | 1 | City |
| Centertown | 4 | 294 | 282 | 0.68% | 310 | 1 | Town |
| St. Thomas | 5 | 232 | 222 | 0.43% | 237 | 1 | Town |
| Lohman | 6 | 178 | 171 | 0.56% | 494 | 0 | City |
Jefferson City is the largest city in Cole County, with a population of 42,529.
Lohman is the smallest city in Cole County, with a population of 178.
There are 6 cities in Cole County, Missouri.